U.S Honey Crops and Markets - May 2012

UNITED STATES
The yearly USDA Honey Report, issued on March 30, 2012, estimates that the 2011 honey crop was 148 million pounds, which is 16% below last year’s production. This estimate echoes earlier predictions which blamed poor production on bad weather and high colony losses in 2011. However, as poor as the 2011 crop was, it was still slightly better than honey production in 2009 when a record poor 144 million pound crop was estimated. On the bright side, the USDA Honey Report said that honey prices increased to a record high during 2011.

Unusually mild weather continued into spring over most of the country. In some Northwestern states winter weather continued to hold on through March, but these locations were the exception rather than the rule. Florida started the season off well with a generally good orange honey crop. However, lack of rain could influence later important flows from sources like gallberry and palmetto. Over much of the rest of the country beekeepers were thankful for fewer winter colony losses, but at the same time, many were worried about lack of winter snow and spring rains to maintain adequate ground moisture. Spring honey flows were as much as a month of ahead of normal, according to many beekeepers. Colonies were also building up quickly and beekeepers were scrambling to keep up with quickly expanding brood nests. Early swarm reports were common and some beekeepers indicated that this would be a big year for swarms.

Despite fewer colony losses this spring, most package bee and queen companies said that their early sales were very encouraging and that they looked forward to another busy season. Fortunately, mild weather has allowed most package bee and queen producers to remain on schedule. Some commercial beekeepers were planning to increase their colony numbers this season. In addition, new beekeeper interest continues to be very encouraging according to sponsors of beekeeping short courses around the country. Due to the continued strong corn market, a record amount of land will be devoted to corn production in the Midwest this season, further aggravating the continuing decline of nectar-producing acreage in the country.
Honey demand at both the wholesale and retail levels continues to be very good over most of the country.

NORTHEAST—Overwintered colonies had gone into brood-rearing earlier than normal after a mild winter. Many colonies in this area overwintered well with fewer deadouts to replace than normal. However, some reports of heavy winter colony losses continued, especially from Maine, Vermont, Massachusetts, as well as northern New York and Pennsylvania. In many cases reporters said their bees simply ran out of stores too quickly and died of starvation. However, in other instances beekeepers claim that their colonies perished with plenty of honey stores left above them. Despite these loss reports, overall winter colony losses in this area should be less than normal.

Beekeepers were busy in March and early April with reversing and feeding surviving colonies. However, in some instances, the early flowering of dandelions, fruit trees and wildflowers had given bees plenty of early pollen and nectar for their brood nest expansions. Early swarming is a very real possibility. The mild winter in the South has also helped package bee and queen producers stay on schedule, so not a lot of bee delivery delays are expected this spring. Bees were needed in the fruit and berry fields earlier than normal due to the unexpected mild winter and early spring. Pollinators were scrambling to place colonies on locations in time to meet this early demand. Some beekeepers are worried about having enough ground moisture for later honey flows since last winter’s snow cover was light. Good spring rains coming at the right time will be needed to insure continued adequate ground moisture for plant growth.

Locally produced honey supplies remain low and producers are anxious to replenish their supplies for sale since honey prices have increased and demand is still strong.

MIDEAST—The early spring also caught many beekeepers off guard in the Mideast. In some cases, heavy colony losses were caused because the warmer weather kept bees active and rearing brood at a time when few nectar and pollen sources were available yet. On the other hand, surviving colonies are now building up very quickly and early swarming could be a problem. Most beekeepers with deadouts plan to replace them with package bees, divides or nucs. New beekeeper interest remains high judging by attendance at local beekeeping short courses. The early season will also bring on the main spring honey flows more quickly than normal, so beekeepers are trying to prepare colonies and have them on locations, so they will not miss tulip-poplar, black locust, sumac, clover and other important  honey flows. Ground moisture reports remain mixed with some beekeepers claiming to have plenty of moisture, while others are worried that dry conditions will stunt their honey flows.

Demand for honey remains strong and beekeepers are anxious to replenish their honey inventories since most have been sold out for some time now.

SOUTHEAST—Early reports from beekeepers in the Florida orange groves are optimistic. The orange flow started early and lasted longer than normal in some locations which gave bees more foraging time. Since colonies were generally strong coming out of the mild winter, many were ready just in time for early flows from orange, tupelo, and numerous wildflowers. However, later flows from gallberry and palmetto could be in jeopardy in some parts of Florida and southern Georgia due to dry conditions.

Throughout Georgia, Alabama, South Carolina and Mississippi colonies were building up quickly since the season was estimated to be two to four weeks early. Winter losses were mostly on the low side, but some beekeepers have mentioned higher mite and beetle populations due to the mild winter. Beekeepers were trying to keep up with flows that were coming much earlier than normal. Reporters mentioned fruit bloom, redbud, privet hedge, early clover, tulip-poplar, as well as numerous wildflowers in full bloom in March and April. Package bee and queen producers have also been working overtime to fill numerous package bee, nuc and queen orders. The early warm spring has helped them immensely with fewer reports of delivery delays than normal. After a several years of declining colony numbers in the Southeast caused by mites, beetles and poor weather, beekeepers are reporting increasing colony numbers among both hobby and commercial beekeepers. One Florida reporter says that colony numbers have increased in his state from 220,000 five years ago to over 400,000 now! Hobby beekeeper interest also continues to increase with record attendances being reported at local beekeeping short courses.

Packers are anxious to purchase new crop honey and are offering $1.85 for white honey with small lots going above $2.00 per pound in some cases. Darker grades are 10 to 30 cents below this, depending on the quality and floral source. Retail honey demand also remains excellent, according to most of our reporters.

U.S. Honey Crops and Markets - April 2011

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UNITED STATES
The California almond pollination season went fairly well despite earlier fears of a colony shortage and then problems with unsettled weather during the bloom. The colony shortage did not end up being a major problem since many growers not previously contracted were still able to secure enough colonies for pollination. In addition, colony winter losses were not as severe among migratory commercial beekeepers who normally make the trip to California for the almond pollination season. The cold, windy, rainy weather was also a major concern, but enough clear, warm days allowed adequate nut set in most instances. Freezing weather in February did not severely damage the almond tree bloom.

In the southern half of the country, beekeepers had shifted into high gear as warmer temperatures and abundant spring wildflowers came into bloom. Colonies were building up quickly and beekeepers wanted to be ready to make splits or nucs for restocking their own apiaries or resale. In addition, the main spring honey flows were fast approaching and beekeepers wanted to have their honey production colonies ready to take full advantage of the bloom. With honey demand and prices remaining strong, beekeepers were hoping to put the two previous poor seasons behind them and return to normal honey production.
In the northern half of the country, beekeepers were finally able to start checking and feeding their colonies in mid-February. Earlier colony loss figures were quite variable again with some beekeepers reporting better overwintering, while others continue to wrestle with losses approaching 50% in some cases. Package bee and queen availability is again a concern, especially for those beekeepers who had not already booked their needs for package bees, nucs and queens. By late February and early March, bees were bringing in red maple pollen. Other early sources were also providing nectar and pollen in locations that had received more days of warmer, clear weather. The plentiful snow and rain in many states should help wildflower, clover and alfalfa growth if the weather cooperates this spring and early summer.

As most astute honey crop watchers predicted, according to the late February USDA 2010 honey crop estimate, the 2010 U.S. honey crop was better than the record poor crop year of 2009. The U.S. honey crop rose from a record poor 146 million pounds in 2009 to 176 million pounds in 2010. This is still not a good honey crop when one realizes that not that many years ago a 200 million pound honey crop was considered average.

Unfortunately, the 20% improvement in honey crops was not evenly distributed around the country. Many states had only marginally better crops, while in some states honey crops actually declined in 2010. The major jumps in production came in California (where production jumped from 12 million pounds in 2009 to over 27 million pounds in 2010) and North Dakota (where production jumped from 35 million pounds in 2009 to over 46 million pounds in 2010).

The USDA estimate also confirmed what everyone already knew-a honey shortage coupled with increased demand resulted in record high honey prices in 2010.

NORTHEAST-Weather conditions were finally improving after a very cold and often snowy winter. In the southern part of the area, bees were bringing in maple and willow pollen on nicer days. Beekeepers were busy checking and feeding colonies. Quite a few colonies will need to be replaced again this year, but as this was written, beekeepers still did not know how large their winter losses would be. This will be problematic for area beekeepers since some package bee and queen producing companies are booking up earlier than normal. Beekeepers are hoping for an early spring, so that winter losses will not increase further and feeding will not have to be heavy.

According to the 2010 USDA yearly honey crop estimate, honey crops in the Northeast either increased or decreased slightly from 2009's record poor crop, depending on winter losses and weather conditions last season.

MIDEAST-The long, cold winter has also been a major concern to beekeepers in this area. In particular, beekeepers are worried that some of their colonies may starve before pollen and nectar are again available. Bees did have cleansing flights in February and some early pollen was being gathered from red maples, willows and early wildflowers. Once fruit tree blossom time comes in March, beekeepers can breathe a sigh of relief if colonies have not perished. As usual, many beekeepers are helping their bees with syrup and pollen substitutes until natural nectar and pollen is again plentiful. Interest in hobby beekeeping continues to run high and a number of short courses were being offered to new beekeepers this spring. Beekeepers hope to make divides and restock deadouts in March and early April. Stormy weather in parts of this area caused some flooding, as well as localized damage due to high winds and tornados.

Demand for locally produced honey remains excellent, but most producers were sold out or very low on their remaining inventories of 2010 honey. Honey crops were only slightly better for beekeepers last year and in a few cases state averages were even lower than in 2009, according to USDA estimates.

SOUTHEAST-High winds and dry conditions in Florida caused brushfires along parts of I-95 during late February and early March. Beekeepers were very busy preparing colonies to make splits or have them strong for upcoming honey flows. In Florida, maples, willow, alder, oak, fruit trees and many wildflowers were beginning to bloom. The orange flow was also scheduled to begin in March and beekeepers are hopeful that weather conditions will be conducive to a good flow. In Georgia, Mississippi and Alabama beekeepers are also quite busy as the spring build-up season begins. Many trees and wildflowers are coming into bloom and beekeepers are hoping that no late freezes will spoil the season. Earlier this winter, extreme cold weather, often accompanied by snow or rain concerned beekeepers because they thought that this would lead to higher winter colony losses.
Package bee and queen orders have been brisk. In fact, some companies stopped taking orders earlier than normal because they were completely booked for the spring months. Since so many orders have been received and schedules are tight, producers are hoping that no prolonged cold, wet weather will put their bee and queen production schedules behind.

Demand and prices for honey at both the wholesale and retail levels remains excellent, but few large lots of honey will again be available until spring honey harvests are completed later this season. According to the latest USDA honey crop figures, honey production was up in Florida, but down slightly in Georgia in 2011, compared to 2009 production.
SOUTHWEST-Colonies were building up well in the Southwest as bees began working red maple, elm, wildflowers and dandelions. After a cold and often snowy winter, the late winter weather was mild and has allowed a number of good bee flight days. This is great news for both local beekeepers and northern migratory beekeepers overwintering in the Southwest in order to build up their colonies to make divides. On the other hand, some locations are now on the dry side and will need more moisture for later spring and summer honey flows. Parts of Texas are so dry that brush fires have broken out, spread by windy conditions.
According to the latest USDA honey crop estimates for 2010 honey production, state honey crops were up over 2009 in most Southwestern states with the exception of Louisiana. Honey demand at both the wholesale and retail levels continues to be excellent, but honey will continue to be scarce until 2011 crop honey is harvested later this spring and summer.
EAST CENTRAL-Cold, windy weather followed by early stormy weather have been hard on colonies. In fact, some heavy flooding was reported in parts of Indiana and Ohio earlier as snow melted, and then rainy weather dumped several inches of water on parts of these two states. Beekeepers in parts of Michigan and Wisconsin were worried in February because bees had not had cleansing flights for many weeks. On the other hand, a short warm spell in mid-February allowed cleansing flights and hive inspections in Illinois and Indiana and this may have saved quite a few colonies, according to our reporters. Nevertheless, a number of beekeepers are still seeing many deadouts in the East Central area and plan to make divides or buy bees if they are available. Maples were beginning to bloom by early March and this was none to soon for winter-weary beekeepers, many of whom were scrambling to feed hungry colonies or clean up deadouts in preparation for new bees. Due to heavy winter snowfall, beekeepers are worried about later spring flooding along rivers, but some also think the moisture will help spur better wildflower, clover and alfalfa flows.
According to USDA honey crop estimate, honey crops in all of the East Central states improved slightly in 2010 over 2009's very poor season. However, due to continued high colony losses and rainy weather, these figures are still below normal for most of the East Central states.

Retail honey sales continue to be rated as good, but wholesale trading has dropped off since most beekeepers are sold out until the new crop is extracted later this summer.
WEST CENTRAL-Colonies left on location rather than moved south or to California have survived surprisingly well considering all the cold, windy weather. Good late flows last season and more feeding are credited with saving many colonies that might have starved by now. Beekeepers are currently feeding colonies and cleaning up deadouts in preparation for replacement bees. Cleansing flights were slow in coming, but have helped colonies immensely when they have occurred. Colonies are now working early sources such as maple, willow and elm. Early wildflowers and dandelions will also start blooming in April, which will be a big help to brood rearing and colony expansion.

As in the East Central area, all of the snow and early rainfall have made West Central beekeepers hopeful for heavier wildflower, clover and alfalfa flows this spring and early summer. Honey crops in 2010 were better than the record poor year of 2009. However, with the exception of North Dakota, which produced an amazing 46 million pounds, other West Central state honey crops were still generally down from average in their honey production. Better honey crops in 2011 would be just what the doctor ordered since wholesale and retail honey prices and demand remain excellent. In fact, many producers were completely sold out of their 2010 crop by now, but packers were still calling them. One reporter comments, "Small packers are continuing to come out of the woodwork. My entire crop will probably be sold entirely to small packers. One packer was so excited to find honey that he gave me $2.00 per pound for 6 drums, cash!" Another reporter says, "More and more demand for local honey."

INTERMOUNTAIN-Most commercial colonies were still in California for almond pollination. After this job is finished, many colonies will be moved to other crops for pollination duties, while some will be brought back to their home yards for splitting in preparation for honey flows. Colonies overwintered in their Intermountain home yards have wintered in average to good shape, according to several of our reporters.

These beekeepers are busy feeding colonies and cleaning deadouts in preparation for the new season. Maples, willows and other early sources were just beginning to bloom as this was written. However, once dandelions and fruit trees are in bloom, colonies should be able to start a lot of brood rearing.

The USDA honey crop estimate for the 2010 crop indicated that while honey production increased in Colorado and Montana, crops were actually lower in Wyoming and Utah. Montana is the Intermountain area's major honey production state where yearly honey production often hovers near the 10 million pound mark. However, in 2010 Montana's honey production was closer to 12 million pounds.

Reporters in every Intermountain state we polled said that wholesale and retail honey demand was good to excellent. In some states, beekeepers said that they were basically sold out until the new crop is available. Wholesale bulk honey prices quoted ranged from a low of $1.30 for amber to $1.75 for extra light amber or white honey.

WEST-After a lot of wheeling and dealing among growers and beekeepers, most of our California reporters thought that the colony supply pretty well ended up matching the demand for bees for almond pollination this season. It was especially important to have colonies in place and ready for good pollination weather this season due to the unsettled February and early March weather. A number of days were cloudy, rainy, cool and gusty-not good pollination weather. However, both growers and beekeepers believe that in most cases there were enough good foraging days to have achieved adequate almond blossom pollination. In addition, growers were anxious about several nights of below freezing weather during the bloom. However, most reports we have read believe that damage to almonds blossoms was not a major problem.

The cool, rainy weather also limited foraging on numerous wild nectar and pollen sources, including mustard, mint, eucalyptus, rosemary, borage and manzinita. In addition, beekeepers were feeding colonies both syrup and pollen substitute in order to bridge the unsettled weather gap. One nice effect of the additional snow and rain is that plants will have more moisture for honey flows later this spring and early summer.

In 2010, the better moisture situation and later good foraging weather allowed beekeepers to over double their state's honey production-going from a pitiful 12 million pounds in 2009 to over 27 million pounds in 2010. Oregon's honey production was also bolstered by the better honey production conditions, but honey production in Washington was down slightly. As in the rest of the nation, demand for honey at both the wholesale and retail levels continues to be good in this area.

ARGENTINA
As of the beginning of March, the bulk of the 2010/2011 honey crop season is now finished in Argentina. At this stage, it is apparent that total production this year will be about 5% to 10% higher than last season. Therefore, the final volume will be around 58,000 MT to 62,000 MT. However, not many beekeepers were able to take advantage of better honey flows. Financial problems associated with a much smaller number of commercial beekeepers conspired against a more productive scenario.

During the first two months of 2011, the export volume of Argentina was 10,048 MT and sold for US$31.32 million, equivalent to US$3,116 per metric ton. Interestingly, 41% of this total (4,000 MT) was shipped to the USA for US$12.8 million, while 31% of the tonnage (3,152 MT) was exported to Germany for US$9.6 million. Not only did the USA increase its import share of Argentina honey substantially during year 2011, but the export prices this year have jumped 6.7%. The average export price per MT during Jan./Feb. 2010 was US$2,918 FOB. Japan has now emerged as a leading importer of Argentine honey, ranking as the fourth major destination for exports with a 5.5 % share.

Drought conditions have affected substantial parts of Argentina this year. Nevertheless, the impact was spotty, depending on the region. Beekeepers who over harvested their hives to offset their poor financial performance are now concerned about obtaining a firm sugar supply. However, prices paid to beekeepers have not increased according to the yearly 30% inflation. Current quotes offered by exporters and middlemen are US$2.35 a kilogram (US$1.06 a pound), which are very similar to one year ago.

U.S. Honey Crops and Markets - February 2011

Excerpt

UNITED STATES
As beekeepers moved colonies into almond groves in California, bees over much of the rest of the nation were still in their winter clusters.  In fact, even many of the southern states with relatively mild winters have endured prolonged cold weather, often accompanied by snow and ice. The cold winter had not been a huge problem yet, but if it continues much longer in the southeast, early honey crops, as well as package bee and queen production schedules will be affected.  Heavy demand for package bees, nucs and queens means that producers will be hard pressed to provide bees on schedule if poor weather interferes. It is still too early to judge winter colony losses, but by next month, beekeepers should have a much better idea on how well colonies did this winter.

Earlier fears of a significant shortage of bees for California almond pollination have not come true, although some spot shortages were expected.  Although some commercial beekeepers have stayed home this season rather than make the long trek to California, the continued profitable pollination fees remain an opportunity that many beekeepers cannot afford to pass up.

Honey remains in short supply over most of the country and excellent offering prices for remaining unsold stocks reflect this. Beekeepers around the country are hoping to have better honey crops this season, so that they can take advantage of this stronger honey market. Two poor honey crops in a row over much of the country have been very frustrating for beekeepers who rely on honey profits alone for their income.

U.S. Honey Crops and Markets - February 2011

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UNITED STATES
Unseasonably cold weather, often accompanied by significant snowfall blanketed much of the country during December. Meanwhile, heavy rainfall caused flooding in parts of southern California, the Northwest and East Coast. On the bright side, breaks in the weather have allowed colony cleansing flights, according to a number of our reporters. While January and February are still quiet months for northern beekeepers, beekeepers in California and many southern states are starting to gear up for the new season. This is an especially busy time for California almond pollinators as they move colonies into groves for this very important part of their beekeeping season. A number of our reporters continue to predict a shortage of colonies for California almond pollination. They say this predicted shortage could even be worse if colony winter losses in the state should dramatically increase. As this was written, winter losses over much of the country had not been reported as heavy, but these estimates were provided early in the winter season. Package bee, nuc and queen supplies are a big question mark at this point. Early bookings for bees have been heavy. Last season early spring cool, wet weather slowed production schedules, but producers are hoping for better weather conditions in 2011.

Honey supplies remain tight over much of the country, especially after a busy holiday-buying season. Prices remain higher, but our sources report that buyers often have to buy small lots of a few barrels of honey since most large lots have been sold by now.

NORTHEAST-Cold weather and snows stopped most colony feeding by mid-December. However, a few beekeepers were still feeding light colonies dry sugar, candy boards or sugar patties placed directly on top of clusters. Very little apiary work was taking place except for some colony winter wrapping and placement of mouse guards on hive entrances. Beekeepers reported good holiday honey sales, but many had either sold out of their honey inventories or were running short. Beekeepers will start checking for stores in late February if the weather warms enough to open hives. With the bee supplies expected to be short again this spring, beekeepers want to avoid colony losses if at all possible.

MIDEAST-Winter rain and snow have helped replenish ground moisture in several dry parts of the Mideast. Colony conditions are variable, depending a lot on the length of late summer and fall flows. Beekeepers will be watching colonies closely and many have said that they will begin feeding again as soon as temperatures begin to warm. Package bee, nuc and queen demand is expected to be heavy again this spring. Although a number of beekeepers in the Mideast were able to produce better honey crops in 2010, most honey bottled for the retail trade has been sold by now. Holiday sales were generally very good, according to those beekeepers who sell from farmers' markets, gift shops, their homes, or via Internet sites. Honey demand remains strong despite higher prices at both the wholesale and retail levels.

SOUTHEAST-With the price of sugar doubling or sometimes almost tripling, some beekeepers are reassessing their cane sugar feeding preferences. Despite an unusual cold snap in mid December, beekeepers are continuing their feeding and bee work on warmer days. In Florida and along the coast, bees will start working maple and other early tree sources early this month. So far, only a few commercial beekeepers have reported large colony losses in their apiaries. Package bee and queen producers say demand is strong again for package bees and queens. The supply may be short or delayed this year if cool weather interrupts bee build up as it did in some Southeast locations last season. In Florida, the 2010 honey crop ended with the last flowering of Brazilian pepper. Flows from this source were rated at one-half to two-thirds of normal. Some reporters have said that the December freeze hurt trees in some orange groves.

Honey demand at both the wholesale and retail levels remains strong, but little honey remains unsold at this point. Pollination prices are ranging from $100 to $160 for almonds in California and $45 to $90 elsewhere for blueberries and row crops.

SOUTHWEST-Colonies were wintering well, but cold weather at times hampered beeyard work. In late December snow storms blanketed parts of the area. Both this snow and earlier rains should help soil moisture conditions as spring approaches. A number of commercial beekeepers in this area plan to move their colonies to California for almond pollination. Others are building up colonies in order to make divides or nucs for both their use and resale. The cooler temperatures now are not a problem, but by February reporters said that they needed warmer temperatures to promote buildup. Last season cooler weather later in February and March delayed build up. Most of last year's honey has been sold, but both commercial users, as well as the public, are still looking for locally produced honey.

EAST CENTRAL-Cold and sometimes snowy weather started early, especially in the Michigan, Wisconsin and northern Ohio. However, colonies seem to be wintering well to date. Fortunately, the cold weather has at times been interrupted by short warm periods, which have allowed bee cleansing flights. Beekeepers will continue to monitor colonies as winter progresses; however, they have few feeding options, except dry sugar or sugar patties. Some reporters said that they were worried about stores in locations that had poor honey flows in 2010.

Holiday honey sales were good at the retail level, but little honey remains unsold. Packers are still looking for unsold small lots of honey, but it is becoming harder to find any left in the beekeepers' hands. Prices have remained strong at both the wholesale and retail levels.

WEST CENTRAL-Several winter snow storms have moved through this area leaving quite a few inches of snow in the upper Midwest. These storms have been accompanied by very cold temperatures at times. So far, overwintering colonies seem to be doing well, but will need close monitoring until spring. A good fall flow in some locations gave colonies a nice boost right before cold weather began. Nevertheless, many beekeepers still fed their bees during the fall.

Most commercial beekeepers have already moved their colonies to California or the South. With almond pollination prices remaining high again this year, many commercial beekeepers have committed their bees to almond growers. After almond pollination, these colonies will be transported to other crops or back to their home states for clover and alfalfa honey flows. Despite excellent prices and demand for both pollination and honey, commercial beekeepers have continued to be stymied by poor colony survival and buildup, as well as two rather poor honey flows in a row for many producers.

Both wholesale and retail honey sales and prices are good, but large lots of honey have largely disappeared. Most bulk sales have been for a few barrels at a time.

INTERMOUNTAIN-Commercial beekeepers have moved the majority of their colonies to California in preparation for the almond pollination season. In addition, they have been feeding colonies both sugar syrup and pollen supplement patties to spur brood build up. Demand and rental prices for almond pollination are excellent this season. Colonies remaining in the Intermountain states have wintered normally to date. In fact, November and December were warmer than normal, allowing bees to have cleansing flights. However, colonies will need to be monitored closely during late February and early March to prevent starvation. Lack of snow cover was an early concern for beekeepers in some states due to the jet stream pattern that had largely by-passed some of these states. This snow and then later rain are needed to replenish reservoirs and ground moisture. On the other hand, parts of Utah and Nevada had been inundated by rain showers or snow in mid to late December.
Honey prices and demand remain strong at both the wholesale and retail levels, but little bulk honey remains unsold due to short crops and strong demand.

WEST-December stormy weather in southern California resulted in flooding in the valleys and heavy snowfall in the mountains. Parts of Washington, Oregon and northern California also experienced rainy, cool weather in November. The stormy weather has made bee work difficult for beekeepers trying to build up colonies for almond pollination, but the extra moisture will help ground moisture and reservoir levels during the coming spring and summer. Beekeepers are working hard to have colonies built up in time for almond pollination starting in February and March. Much sugar syrup and pollen supplement continues to be fed to colonies in an effort to have them ready for almond bloom. In addition, many colonies continue to be brought into the state. Most estimates project a shortage of bees for this season's almond pollination, especially with the loss of Australian packages and queens due to the ban on bees from that country. Hopefully, no large winter colony losses will further aggravate this projected shortage. Washington, Oregon and Idaho beekeepers have requested a Section 18 temporary emergency use permit for Hopguard, a hop derivative miticide, to control varroa mite levels in their states.

The state of California has passed legislation that will levy a 7% tax on income derived in the state from pollination services on out-of-state hives. The new law is meant to collect tax from non-residents who do not submit a California tax return. In addition, all colonies may be assessed a one dollar per hive fee under the California Apiary Research Commission law, but this must be approved by beekeepers representing 65% of eligible colonies assessed in California, according to the December issue of the USDA National Honey Report.
As in much of the rest of the country, honey demand and prices are strong. However, honey remains in short supply, especially the lighter grades.

CANADA
In 2010, production of honey amounted to 74.3 million pounds, roughly 4.0 million pounds, or 5.6%, more than in 2009.

Beekeepers' average yield of honey amounted to 120 pounds per colony, up slightly from 119 pounds in 2009. Beekeepers in Alberta, who produce over one-third of the honey in

Canada, reported a decline in yield from 116 pounds per colony to 106 pounds.
Yields varied from region to region. Production on the Prairies was less than expected because of an early spring and wet cool weather. In the Eastern and Central provinces, beekeepers reported better than average production, reflecting warm temperatures and sunny days.

Canada had 7,284 beekeepers in 2010, 256 more than in 2009. They managed 617,264 beehives in 2010, an increase of 25,144.
In 2009, the total value of honey produced amounted to $126.3 million, up by $21.1 million (+20.0%) from 2008. (Statistics Canada News Release)

ARGENTINA
As of the end of December 2010 and in spite of the best spring season since year 2005, the prospects of a great honey crop are again becoming a frustration for commercial beekeepers in Argentina. Drought conditions due to the El Niño weather pattern, although not as severe as during the 2008/2009 season, are affecting nectar production in most of the beekeeping territory.

Some provinces like La Pampa were a complete failure for early honey production. By the end of December beekeepers expecting a honey flow were still feeding their colonies in the middle of a serious robbing situation. The same difficulties were also experienced in the Mediterranean province of Córdoba. The only exception so far seems to be the northern region of Santa Fe where beekeepers admittedly got a bumper spring crop. The situation in Buenos Aires is less clear and it will certainly depend upon much needed rain during late December or early January.

Argentine honey exports between January and November 2010 were 53,900 metric tons and sold for US$163 million, equivalent to US$3,000 per MT. So far, Germany has imported 37% of this volume (20,486 MT), while the USA had a 31.5% share of 16,500 MT. Unless a substantial amount of honey from the new crop is ready for delivery during December, then it can be assumed that total exports for year 2010 will once again be less than the forecasted 60,000 MT.

Exporter estimates indicate that starvation losses during the fall and winter of 2010 involved at least 25% of the entire number of beehives this year. Thus, even a better a honey crop during the 2010/2011 season will not compensate for the smaller number of colonies. Current estimates suggest that the total number of beehives in Argentina is now 2.2 million.

U.S. Honey Crops and Markets - January 2011

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UNITED STATES
Colonies went into winter in fair to good condition after another very poor honey crop over much of the nation. With recent years' winter colony losses still very much on everyone's minds, both large and small beekeepers were feeding colonies and trying to take extra steps to insure colony survival. In the northern states, winter packing and insulation are being practiced by an increasing number of beekeepers. As usual, a large number of migratory beekeepers have moved their colonies to California or a southern state during the winter months. Here they will be medicated, fed and prepared for either almond pollination or to make splits for resale or to transport north for later honey flows.

 With the anticipated shortage of bees in 2011, some larger beekeepers will have to put on their business caps to decide their best avenue to profit-honey production, pollination or bee sales? For many the decision will be dictated by past business relationships and successes, while others have a personal preference for one business over another. Still others will split their operations between pollination, bee sales and honey production. The weather, demand and cost of production, of course, are often the three crucial factors guiding the beekeeper's business decisions. Commercial beekeepers need to be able to adapt quickly to changing weather and economic conditions.

 Although another year of poor honey crops has been disappointing, a number of our reporters are encouraged by a continued surge in honey consumption and public interest in honey bee welfare. In addition, there continues to be a shortage of honey in the United States and the world. Recent publicity about stricter government enforcement of laws and prosecution of illegal honey launderers have encouraged those who seek a level playing field in commercial sales and distribution of honey.

 NORTHEAST-A number of our reporters believed that their colonies were going into the winter season in better shape. Colony populations were stronger and honey stores were adequate over much of the area. Some reporters said that they were wrapping many of their colonies this year in hopes that this would increase colony survival rates. Other beekeepers have said that snow accumulation generally provides adequate insulation to their colonies.
 The Empire State Honey Producers Association issued a statement in November coming out against honey laundering in order to bring Chinese honey into the United States duty free and urged continued efforts by the Department of Homeland Security to curtail this practice.
 Reporters have indicated continued good honey sales at the wholesale and retail levels due to excellent consumer demand, as well as a continuing shortage of locally available honey.

U.S. Honey Crops and Markets - December 2010

Full Version

UNITED STATES
Colonies over much of the country were in fair to good condition going into winter.  As this was written, we had not heard of many large colony losses reported. Admittedly, it is still early, but last season a number of colony losses were reported during the fall. Some of our reporters are cautiously optimistic and have said that colonies seem to be healthier with larger bee populations going into fall and winter.  Many have also told us that they felt that their varroa mite populations were down. Beekeepers said that the mild fall encouraged more brood rearing at a time when queens are normally slowing their egg laying.
 Beekeepers were completing their fall feeding and medication programs.  In the northern states, a number of beekeepers are also wrapping their colonies in order to provide extra protection from their long winters. Migratory beekeepers, on the other hand, were busy preparing to move colonies to southern or California locations for the winter. Once on location, colonies will be fed and medicated in order to build bee populations in preparation for the 2011 pollination season.
Prices and demand for bees for pollination have remained strong. Most sources felt almond pollination prices would remain stable or increase due to a continued good grower demand, buoyed by good almond crops and prices. Some spot shortages of bees are expected, which may be further aggravated by the anticipated loss of Australian package bees. The USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service was expected to make their final ruling on this ban in November. 
 Our reporters also indicate a continued strong market and good prices for honey at both the wholesale and retail levels. Although honey crops are expected to be some better in 2010 than last year's record poor production year, they are still not expected to be back to normal. In fact, a number of beekeepers again reported disappointing honey crops due to erratic weather varying from too cool and wet to very hot and dry. Packer inventories also continue to be rather small at a time of the year when cooler weather and holiday purchases increase honey sales.
 NORTHEAST-Dry autumn weather slowed fall flows in some states, while in other locations beekeepers said the warm, dry fall allowed bees to make more late honey than normal. In October and early November rains returned to the Northeast and many beekeepers reported killing frosts, which ended the last of the fall flows from asters, goldenrod, knotweed and other late-blooming wildflowers. Some migratory commercial beekeepers were preparing their colonies for transportation to Southeastern states, while others were finishing their winter preparations such as feeding and wrapping colonies. Bee populations were generally good going into fall, but some beekeepers were worried that bees would run out of stores before next spring. Varroa populations were lower than normal, according to a number of our reporters.
 As usual in this area, demand for local honey has been strong.  As a result, beekeepers do not anticipate having any problems selling the remainder their honey supplies during fall and winter months.
 MIDEAST-The first part of autumn was also quite dry in a number of the Mideastern states. However, quite a few beekeepers had made good spring and summer honey crops before the drought became severe. Sourwood flows in the mountains were much better than last season, so beekeepers were very happy about having more of this premium varietal honey to sell. By late October and early November, a number of beekeepers were receiving rains and some had their first frosts, which put an end to remaining aster and goldenrod flows. Beekeepers were finishing their feeding and medicating. In locations that had poor flows beekeepers were worried about possible colony starvation in late winter or early spring before spring pollen and nectar are available. Bee populations were generally strong as bees went into their winter clusters.
 Honey demand remains good at both the wholesale and retail levels, so most beekeepers anticipate having little trouble selling their honey. 
 SOUTHEAST-Although a number of reporters said their spring crops were fair to good, later flows were down considerably.  Hot, dry weather persisted for a couple months during the summer. The dry, hot weather slowed remaining flows until rains returned this fall. Some beekeepers were making honey for winter stores from fall flowers such as goldenrod, aster, smartweed, and Spanish needles. In Florida, the Brazilian pepper flow was hurt by cool, rainy weather. In Mississippi tallow flows were disappointing, but wildflower flows were fair to good.
 Despite below average honey crops in a number of Southeast locations, colonies seem to be going into winter in fair to good condition. Bee population numbers are good and stores have been augmented with syrup feeding where necessary. Some reporters said that small hive beetle numbers were an increasing problem in hives now that the cooler weather was starting. Migratory beekeepers are using the down time to prepare colonies for their big move to California for almond pollination in 2011. 
 Honey prices and demand remain good at both the wholesale and retail levels. Very little white honey remains available for purchase, but beekeepers said that they are still holding some darker grades that they believe will sell before the end of the year. 
 SOUTHWEST-Late flows from cotton, alfalfa, goldenrod, aster and sunflowers helped replenish winter stores. Honey crops were fair to good over much of the area and this has helped rebuild beekeeper and packer inventories. Demand for honey remains excellent, so beekeepers anticipate having no trouble selling the rest of their crops at either the wholesale or retail levels. Favorite regional honeys have already been sold out in many cases. At last check most of our reporters had already sold over half their entire crops. With holiday sales coming on, the rest of this honey will move quickly.
 Migratory beekeepers from the north are moving their colonies into their winter locations in the Southwest where they will begin feeding and building up colonies in preparation for their move to California almond pollination in early 2011.
 EAST CENTRAL-Although honey crops were better than last season for many beekeepers, the crops were still very spotty due to a rainy spring and summer followed by a dry fall. In some cases reporters told us that fall flows provided much needed winter stores. Others continued to augment stores with syrup. A number of beekeepers have had trouble with high moisture honey in the rainy parts of this area. Also, since the clover and alfalfa flows were short-lived, much of the honey was darker than normal because it came from many different sources.  In normal years, most of the honey in the East Central area comes from clover and alfalfa. Some of the best crops reported to us came from parts of Wisconsin, northern Illinois and Michigan. However, those beekeepers reporting better crops said much of the honey was made earlier in the spring, so colonies had to be strong or they missed the boat!
 The warm dry fall allowed colonies to continue to work fall wildflowers well into October. However, by mid to late October many reporters reported their first hard frosts, which essentially ended their seasons. Some continued to feed where stores were dangerously low. Other beekeepers were wrapping their colonies to protect them from the cold winter winds.  Last season below freezing weather lasted up to two months at a time without letup. Beekeepers are reporting that bee populations are rather large for this time of year and some have credited the prolonged warm fall for allowing continued brood rearing. Others have said that smaller varroa populations seem to have allowed colonies to remain strong despite below normal honey flows. 
 Most beekeepers finished their extracting in September.  Packers and local honey buyers have been actively buying any available new crop honey due to continued low inventories in this area. Two successive years of spotty honey crops have made it tough for buyers to find large lots of honey.  Therefore, many buyers have had to settle for buying smaller lots from a number of different producers. Prices at both the wholesale and retail levels remain very good. 
 WEST CENTRAL-Honey crops were better than last year's disastrous season, according to a number of our reporters. They stress, however, that in many cases yields were still below average. Beekeepers have indicated that honey crops should be fair to good in parts of the Dakotas, Minnesota, Iowa and Missouri. We received no reports from Kansas or Nebraska, but earlier in the season some of these reporters felt that their total crops would be better than last year also. Complicating honey production this season has been the erratic weather, varying from too rainy earlier in the spring and summer followed by extremely dry conditions this fall. On the bright side, some reporters said the warm, dry fall was actually a help to them because it allowed colonies many more foraging days to work goldenrod, aster, Spanish needles and other wildflowers. This was a lifesaver for some colonies that struggled with rainy weather during much of the spring and summer seasons. 
 Beekeepers also fed colonies where brood nests looked light. By early November, cooler weather was settling in, so winter-feeding was also slowing down. Many beekeepers reported their first hard frosts in late October. Migratory beekeepers were preparing to move colonies to California or southern states for the winter. Here they will be fed and medicated. Later, many will be split in preparation for pollination and later honey flows in 2011. As we have mentioned for other parts of the country, varroa populations seem to be down and autumn bee populations are better than they have been for several years. Late brood rearing spurred by the mild fall is credited by some beekeepers for the better bee populations, but most do not have any good answers as to why varroa populations are down this season. 
 With somewhat better honey crops this season, packers have been busy making calls to beekeepers in order to rebuild their low inventories. Prices and demand have remained strong since honey supplies are still short over most of the country. At the retail level, locally produced honey is still in great demand. Beekeepers anticipate having little trouble selling the remainder of their crop during the coming holiday season. 
 INTERMOUNTAIN-Montana and Colorado beekeepers have had fair to good honey crops, but production is down in parts of Idaho, Nevada and Utah. Production shortfalls are varying from 80% of normal in Nevada to as low as 40% of normal in parts of Idaho. Cool, wet spring weather hurt colony foraging and brood development and then in some locations the blistering hot, dry July caused honey plants to dry up and die earlier than normal. Consequently, clover and alfalfa flows were down.  Fortunately, fall weather was better, according to some of our reporters, and colonies were able to make gains from late alfalfa, knapweed, sunflowers, rabbit brush and various wildflowers.
 This fall beekeepers were finishing their extracting and had begun feeding and medicating colonies in preparation for the winter season. Migratory beekeepers will be moving their bees to California or southern states to rebuild colonies in time for the 2011 pollination season. Coming into fall, beekeepers felt that their colonies were healthy and that mite levels were down. Demand for honey at both the wholesale and retail levels remains good. Prices quoted by beekeepers for wholesale bulk honey were varying from $1.40 to $1.60 for white honey and between $1.30 and $1.50 for amber grades.
 WEST-Our reporters felt that their honey production was better over much of California, Oregon and Washington due to better moisture conditions and enough favorable weather during flows to allow
adequate foraging. Nevertheless, some beekeepers complained that continued heavy bee losses last winter hurt their total honey production since they were not able to recoup all their losses. Also, the prolonged cool, wet spring hurt some honey flows since bees were not able to forage as much as normal. Bees continued to work scattered wildflowers, but many commercial beekeepers had already begun feeding their bees in preparation for the 2011 pollination season. Generally, colonies appear to be in fair to good condition going into fall. Beekeepers are hoping that they will not have the huge colony losses that they have had in some recent years.
 Almond production in 2010 reached a record 1.65 billion pounds and world almond prices have remained fairly stable, according to Joe Traynor, Scientific Ag Co. Traynor also said that 20,000 additional acres of almonds will require bees for pollination in 2011. The continued strong demand for bees for almond pollination, coupled with the anticipated loss of Australian package bees, should cause almond pollination prices to remain stable or increase in 2011. Some almond growers are trying to economize by reducing their colony rentals from 2 colonies to 1 ½ or even 1.
 Honey demand at both the wholesale and retail levels remains good for locally produced honey. As in much of the rest of the country, honey has been in short supply over the last couple of years due to short honey crops coupled with strong demand.      

ARGENTINA
During October, which is the second spring month in the Southern Hemisphere, beekeepers in Argentina were expressing mixed feelings regarding their particular situations. Many of them have lost a substantial number of beehives due to starvation and inefficient varroa control during fall. However, beekeepers who were able to overwinter their colonies successfully are now enjoying a great spring with mild weather and exceptional foraging conditions for an encouraging build up prior to the major honey flows of December and January.
Migratory beekeepers were not as active this year due to much higher costs involved in the logistics of bee transportation, as well as enforcement of strict provincial regulations making it difficult to transport hives from one providence to another. The never-ending expansion of soybean acreage, coupled with the sharp decline of alfalfa and sweet clover fields, is putting tremendous pressure on beekeepers, who are only able to obtain income from honey production. Unfortunately, not only the pollination business is underdeveloped in Argentina, but paradoxically, some beekeepers even pay fruit growers to place their hives in their orchards! This upside down trade practice is counterproductive for the well being of the entire Argentine beekeeping industry.
Export prices seem to be quite firm in light of the world shortage of honey. It is not unusual for exporters to quote bulk honey at over $3,400 per metric ton. After much insistence, exporters finally admit that the demand from foreign buyers is much higher than what they can handle now. Many exporters and middlemen with huge operational expenses are having great difficulties purchasing large lots of bulk honey. Several large and traditional beekeepers went out of business during the last two years. Thus, obtaining important honey lots has become increasingly difficult and logistically very expensive. A new trend not seen in previous years is that some Argentine exporters are now opening purchasing offices in neighboring countries such as Uruguay, Brazil and Chile in a desperate effort to offset the dramatic drop in local honey production.
Total honey exports for the first nine months of 2010 were 47,263 MT equivalent to US$3,012 per MT. During the same period of 2009, Argentine honey exports were 51,078 MT equivalent to US$2,752 per MT. In other words, current shipments are 7% lower in volume, but are up 9.5% in price. For example, September 2010 exports were just 4,032 MT and sold for US$12.18 million. During 2010 Germany has imported 38% of total Argentine honey deliveries (18,324 MT), while the US remains steady with its 32% share (14,527 MT).
If this decreasing trend holds true for the remainder of the third and final quarter of 2010, then total exports for this year will barely reach 60,000 MT. The only exceptional event that might change this pessimistic scenario would be excellent honey crops in the northeastern and northwestern subtropical provinces of Argentina before the end of this year.

U.S. Honey Crops and Markets - November 2010

excerpt

UNITED STATES
The USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service is recommending that Australian package bees be banned from entry into the United States due to the danger of accidentally importing the Asian honey bee Apis cerana. Over 200 swarms of the Asian honey bees have been found and destroyed by the Australian government authorities. Some beekeepers are predicting that this will put a real squeeze on the available supply of colonies for California almond pollination in 2011 since some 40,000 Australian packages of bees have been purchased per year for almond pollination over the last few years. According to Joe Traynor, Scientific Ag Company, Bakersfield, CA, "An additional 20,000 acres of almonds will require bees in 2011. This increase, coupled with the spot shortages of bees this year, has stabilized pollination prices." Mr. Traynor wrote this before the decision was made to ban Australian package bees. Other unknown factors could exacerbate this anticipated shortage if, for example, overwintering losses were unusually high this winter.
 Estimating the total U.S. honey crop this year is difficult since crops have been so spotty in many parts of the United States, especially the Midwest. However, it is safe to say that the total production will definitely be better than last year's record poor year when the USDA estimated that the total honey production was only 145 million pounds. Honey production was better in the Dakotas and California and these three states alone usually account for over one-third of the total U.S. honey crop. Much of the East Central and West Central areas also had better honey crops, despite some real honey crop disasters caused by unrelenting rain showers.
 One interesting note on varroa: A number of beekeepers have indicated lower varroa mite populations this season. They are hopeful that this will be one less obstacle that they will have to overcome in bringing their bees through the winter. Lack of stores is a big concern, however, in some locations and beekeepers have been feeding their bees in an effort to provide sufficient stores to overwinter.
 Beekeepers continue to be optimistic about both the wholesale and retail honey markets. Honey demand and prices remain high. There continues to be a shortage of honey, especially the local varieties that many consumers have not be able to find over the last year or two.

U.S. Honey Crops and Market  -October 2010 -

Full Version

UNITED STATES
Honey crop estimates continue to look better than last season's record poor crop. Many beekeepers in the Northeast and Mideast harvested considerably more honey than they had received in the last few seasons. Favorable weather and rainfall at the right times are credited for the better crops. Parts of the Southeast and Southwest were hampered by unfavorable spring conditions followed by hot, dry weather that hurt honey flows, although some beekeepers were still able to secure average or better honey crops. Honey crops were definitely better in the East Central and West Central areas, but excessive rainfall or at times dry weather hampered flows and caused a rather spotty crop. Rainy, cool weather also hurt honey crops for some beekeepers in the Intermountain and West areas, but overall crops were still considerably better than last year's disappointing honey crop. Some beekeepers commented that the difference between receiving a good or poor crop was often determined by how strong overwintered colonies were and how much winter loss had to be recouped by making splits or buying nucs or packaged bees.

Beekeepers are happy to have some honey to sell this season, especially since both the wholesale and retail honey markets remain strong. Many buyers were disappointed last season that they could not buy their local honey variety favorites due to poor crops over most of the country. With continued strong demand and a general shortage of honey at the wholesale level, most of our reporters felt that prices should remain strong through the remainder of the year. According to some of our reporters, local packers are buying new crop honey quickly to restock their poor inventories. On the other hand, other packers are taking a "wait-and-see" attitude until they know how big the total U.S. honey crop will be before they commit themselves to a certain price.

Many area reporters felt that their bees were in reasonably good shape coming out of summer honey flows. In the case of commercial almond pollinators, these colonies will begin receiving build-up syrup and pollen supplements to prime them for early 2011 California almond pollination season. Almond pollination prices are expected to hold up well for the coming season and many beekeepers have already locked in prices and brood strength requirements for the 2011 season.

NORTHEAST-Honey crops have been good for the most part this year, finally breaking a series of poor seasons for many Northeastern beekeepers. Unfortunately, as is always the case, some locations missed the good flows due to either dry, hot weather or too much rain at the wrong time. Weather turned hot and humid during much of July and early August before cooler nighttime temperatures and mild summer days returned. A number of beekeepers were reporting flows from goldenrod, aster, purple loose-
strife, and Japanese knotwood. Reporters said that beekeepers hoped to produce perhaps one more super of honey before removing all supers and starting their late summer or fall medications and feeding.

Bees are generally in good condition at this point, so beekeepers are optimistic. With better honey crops, beekeepers are also happy about being able to restock customers who have not been able to obtain local honey for quite some time. Demand is strong and prices have climbed at roadside markets, fairs and festivals.

MIDEAST-Beekeepers reported average to excellent honey crops before the hot weather began in July. While some beekeepers missed their main flows from clover due to rainy weather, many others have told us that they have produced good honey crops from clover, as well as many wildflowers. Beekeepers were busy extracting honey in July and August. They were also beginning their mite treatments in mid to late August as the temperatures returned to more seasonal norms. Some told us that they were simply afraid to begin chemical mite treatments when temperatures were in the 90's or triple digits.

In the mountains sourwood flows were rated as below normal, although some beekeepers still received a super or more of sourwood honey. Some goldenrod and aster was blooming as this was written and beekeepers hoped that their colonies would be able to make some winter stores from these sources. Beekeepers were also busy with bottling and selling their honey. They are finding a very receptive customer base, especially for local favorites like sourwood, sumac, black locust and clover honey.

SOUTHEAST-Florida honey crops were down anywhere from 25 to 50% from normal due to cool, rainy early spring weather followed by dry, hot weather later in the season. Although some of the orange honey crops were excellent, later important flows from tupelo, gallberry and palmetto were down significantly. Georgia honey crops were also down some, but some beekeepers did produce good crops. In the northern mountains, for example, sourwood flows were good. Mississippi honey flows were down about 10%, while reporters from Alabama believe their crop was near average or above average. Beekeepers anticipate having little trouble selling their honey production this season since both bottle-grade and industrial honey remain in short supply. Some beekeepers were already selling out of varietal honeys such as tupelo and orange.

Fall flows are expected from goldenrod, aster and Spanish needles. In Florida, beekeepers mentioned flows from Brazilian pepper, melaleuca and black mangrove. The extremely hot, humid July was hard on bees. Many beekeepers waited on mite treatments until the weather cooled some. Varroa mite problems have not been severe, but in some parts of the Southeast, small hive beetles were again a major problem for beekeepers.

SOUTHWEST-As major flows drew to a close in July, beekeepers were finishing their extracting and starting their late summer/early fall mite and disease treatments. Regional flows mentioned included soybeans, cotton, sunflowers, pumpkins, melons and wildflowers. Early flow reports were mixed, but many beekeepers were able to harvest fair to good crops before the extremely hot, dry weather began in July. Despite the difficult weather conditions, colonies were generally in fair to good condition. Beekeepers were finishing their honey extracting and bottling. Honey demand was listed as good for both wholesale and retail sales. As cooler weather returns this fall, sales are expected to pick up even more, especially as fall fairs and festivals get underway.

EAST CENTRAL-Honey crops are definitely better than last season's poor yields, but due to excessive rains during main honey flows, some beekeepers were disappointed in their crops. The honey crop has been spotty, and some beekeepers have noticed great yield variations from one outyard to the next. The main crop came from clover, alfalfa and basswood. The thistle flow was disappointing for some beekeepers, however. Later honey flows were being received from purple loosestrife, goldenrod, aster, sunflowers and Japanese knotwood.
Beekeepers were beginning their fall mite and disease control programs. Other beekeepers were busy extracting and bottling their crops. Honey remains in short supply, so both the wholesale and retail honey markets are still strong.

Both Illinois and Michigan beekeepers were happy to hear that their state legislatures have passed laws to exempt small producers from expensive licensing and honey house inspections. This will allow many small producers to continue to sell their honey locally at farmers markets, fairs and festivals.

WEST CENTRAL-Excessive rain also hurt honey crops in this area, but many locations were spared from the unrelenting summer showers and in these locations beekeepers have done quite well. In fact, some beekeepers are crediting the extra rain with helping their summer clover and alfalfa flows, as well as extending late alfalfa, smartweed, sunflower and goldenrod flows. Soybeans also produced some honey in July and August.

South Dakota honey crops were hurt in the south and eastern parts of state by too much rain and then grasshoppers ate up some western locations. North Dakota sources were saying that many of this state's beekeepers received excellent clover and alfalfa flows. Nebraska beekeepers also mentioned heavy rains, but in many cases sources felt that the added moisture actually helped honey flows rather than hurting them. Frequent summer rain showers also inundated parts of Iowa and Missouri, but a surprising number of beekeepers still believe that their bees will make an average or better honey crop. Early flows came from clover, basswood and alfalfa, but later in the season, after the rain showers let up, beekeepers also made some honey from soybeans, sunflowers, second-cutting alfalfa, goldenrod, aster, and smartweed.

As this was written, beekeepers were extracting and bottling honey. Mite treatments were also starting as beekeepers began thinking about preparing their colonies for overwintering. High temperatures extending through August caused some beekeepers to delay mite treatments until milder seasonal temperatures returned.

The honey market at both the wholesale and retail levels is good, although some producers said that a few packers were taking a wait-and-see attitude until more is known about the extent of the 2010 honey crop. Wholesale honey prices offered are ranging from $1.55 to $1.65 for white honey and between $1.50 and $1.60 for amber grades. Some small lots of honey are selling at considerably better than this, however. Retail sales at local roadside markets, fairs and festivals have been fair to good. Sales were expected to increase once cooler weather returns.

INTERMOUNTAIN-Honey flows came a bit later, some delayed by rainy, cool weather, while others suffered from windy, dry conditions. Honey crops are generally better than last year, but some beekeepers were still disappointed with their total crops. Honey flows came from canola, yellow and white sweet clover, alfalfa, sunflowers and numerous wildflowers. Beekeepers are also hoping for some late winter stores from wildflowers such as goldenrod and rabbit brush.

Extracting started a bit later than usual, but was well underway by the end of August. Prices being offered for larger lots of honey are mostly varying from $1.50 to $1.65 for white honey and 10 to 20 cents lower for amber grades. Some small lots were selling at higher prices. Retail sales of new crop honey were just beginning at roadside stands, fairs and festivals, but were expected to be brisk.

Colonies were generally in good condition going into the fall months. Beekeepers were adding their mite and disease treatments as they removed their last supers for the season. Many of these colonies will be taken to California for build up and almond pollination later this year.

WEST-Cool, rainy weather at times hampered late summer honey production from wildflowers and some cultivated crops along the California coast. Bees continued to work many wildflowers, but had been removed from the cotton and seed alfalfa fields for the season. Honey production from these later sources has only been fair to poor. Among the flower sources still being worked, beekeepers mentioned star thistle, lavender and mint. In Washington and Oregon, colonies had finished most of their clover and alfalfa flows, but were still working flowers such as buckwheat, knapweed and thistle. Some late mint fields were also still producing nectar. Rabbit brush was also expected to produce some late honey for overwintering colonies.

As the last supers are removed, many beekeepers are beginning to prepare for the 2011 almond season. These preparations include medications and mite treatments, as well as pollen supplements and syrup. Bees were generally in good shape coming out of honey flows.

U.S. Honey Crops and Market  -September 2010 -

Excerpt

UNITED STATES
Despite excessive rain and high temperatures in parts of the country, U.S. honey crops will be better than last year’s record poor season. Although early honey flows were good in the Southeast, later flows were down from normal, according to a number of our reporters. On the other hand, most of our crop reports coming from the Southwest have been optimistic regarding total honey production for this season. Rains coming at the right time and extending beyond their normal cut-off times extended honey flows. The East Central and West Central areas have reported spotty honey crops due to excessive rains and flooding. Fortunately, a number of beekeepers were able to dodge heavy rains during their clover, alfalfa and basswood flows and produced normal to excellent crops.

U.S. Honey Crops and Market  -August 2010 -

Full Version

UNITED STATES
Honey crops are better in the United States this season, but as this was written a lot depended on July and August weather in the northern half of the country. Moisture was abundant, but these northern locations needed a lot of warm, sunny weather to spur flows from clover, alfalfa, soybeans, sunflowers and knapweed. On the other hand, a number of the principal southern honey flows were drawing to a close as the hot, dry season began. However, frequent rains showers, especially along the Gulf Coast due to hurricane Alex, may extend some flows for longer periods. Other remaining flows include cotton and soybeans in cultivated areas, as well as late flowering trees such as pepper, palm and melaleuca in Florida. Sourwood was also in progress in the Mideast and Southeast mountains. West Coast honey crops also look more encouraging this season. Rainy, cool weather slowed early flows, but promised to extend the flow period well past the point when hot, dry weather normally shuts down nectar production from wildflowers and bushes in the foothills.
    The honey market and prices remain strong at both the wholesale and retail levels since honey, especially domestically produced honey, remains in very short supply. Beekeepers lucky enough to secure a honey crop have found ready buyers at $1.55 to $1.75 for white honey per pound with some small lots selling as high as $2.00 per pound. Amber prices are from 10 to 20 cents cheaper per pound.
    Elsewhere in this issue, readers are urged to find out what is happening at the national level in an effort to prevent the entry of illegally transshipped Chinese honey into this country. It finally appears that the public, as well as government and elected officials, are taking note of China’s illegal honey-shipping activities.
    NORTHEAST—As this was written, a number of beekeepers had indicated fair to good spring honey crops, including flows from black locust, sumac, tulip-poplar, clover, vetch, birdsfoot trefoil, alfalfa, milkweed, blueberries, blackberries, honeysuckle, and numerous wildflowers and trees. Later flows from sources like alfalfa, sweet clover and white Dutch clover were still occurring. Ground moisture was sufficient for the present, but some correspondents were a little worried about later flows due to lack of rain in June. Colonies came through winter generally in better condition than last year, but some heavy losses were still occurring among commercial and hobbyist beekeepers. Fortunately, the nice early spring allowed established colonies, divides, nucs and packages to build up quickly.
Beekeepers in the Northeast are happy to finally start receiving some new crop honey. Many have been sold out since late 2009 and their customers have been clamoring for more local honey. Demand remains strong at both the wholesale and retail levels.
MIDEAST—Spring honey flows were generally normal to excellent for a number of beekeepers in the Mideast. The exception is where too much rain ruined flows by washing nectar from the flowers and not permitting normal foraging. Beekeepers had obtained honey from tulip-poplar, sumac, black locust, thistle, wildflowers, red bud, privet hedge, clover and alfalfa. In addition, where blackberries and persimmon were plentiful, additional flows were obtained from these sources. Beekeepers were still hoping for honey flows from sourwood and clover. Later this summer or early fall, beekeepers are also hoping for some late honey from goldenrod, aster and other fall flowers.
As we mentioned last month, flooding took a terrible toll on businesses and farms in several locations with the Nashville area being hit the hardest. Both hobbyists and commercial beekeepers lost colonies due to the flooding. In a few cases, beeyards owned by commercial beekeepers were completely wiped out.
Beekeepers are anxious to extract and bottle their new crop since their inventories are low or nonexistent and demand continues to be strong for locally produced honey. Both wholesale and retail prices are holding up well.
SOUTHEAST—Although cool, rainy weather delayed or curtailed some of the early flows, beekeepers have generally indicated better honey crops than last year. Florida reports are mixed with orange honey crops being better than normal, but later flows from gallberry and palmetto only ranging from about 1/3 to 1/2 of normal. Florida beekeepers were also hoping for flows from cabbage palm, pepper and melaleuca later this summer. In Alabama and Mississippi tallow produced fair to good honey crops along the Gulf Coast. In addition, fair to good flows came from clover, rattan, ti ti, blackberry, privet and assorted wildflowers. Beekeepers are also hoping for later flows from cotton, soybeans and fall flowers.
Colonies have been healthier with larger brood nests this season. In addition, not as many beekeepers have had problems with their queens. Rains have been adequate to carry through the main part of the season. In fact, at times the rainy weather has hampered flows. In addition, in early July hurricane Alex was churning up additional rain showers over parts of the Southeast, even though the brunt of the storm hit farther west and south in the Gulf.
The honey market is still generally strong, but in some cases beekeepers said that they had not had as many calls for new crop honey as they had hoped. Prices remain generally good at the wholesale level with white and new crop orange honey selling in the $1.50 to $1.65 range and $1.20 to $1.50 for most amber grades. Retail sales and prices are also holding up well.
SOUTHWEST—Honey flows have been fair to good over much of this area due to plentiful and timely rain showers extending late into the spring and early summer in some portions of the Southwest. Eastern Texas and Louisiana were hit by stormy weather when hurricane Alex make landfall in northern Mexico in early July. Colonies have generally been in good condition this season and have not been hampered too much yet by varroa, viruses, nosema or small hive beetles.
In Texas, flows were listed as coming from brush, horsemint, rattan, clover, alfalfa, Chinese tallow, catsclaw, huajillo, mesquite, as well as numerous wildflowers and bushes. In Louisiana, flows had come from wildflowers, tallow, blackberries, clover and alfalfa. In Arkansas beekeepers had received honeyflows from vetch, holly, henbit, blackberries, clover and alfalfa. Due to the continuing good ground moisture, bees in Oklahoma were making honey from numerous wildflowers, clover, alfalfa and hairy vetch. In Arizona and New Mexico, drier conditions were bringing wildflower flows to a close, but bees were still working irrigated crops such as alfalfa, as well as some of the desert plants and trees such as salt cedar that were still blooming. Later in the season, beekeepers still hoped to obtain flows from cotton, where grown, as well as soybeans and late summer plants such as rabbit brush.
Beekeepers also reported good income from renting their bees for pollination of crops such as melons and cantaloupes. Pollination fees were ranging from $45 to $55 in most beekeeper reports. Honey prices and demand remain excellent at both the wholesale and retail levels.
EAST CENTRAL—Above average rainfall in this area has brought mixed blessings to beekeepers. In some cases beekeepers were thankful for the added ground moisture, which has brought abundant honey plant growth among spring wildflowers and later clover and alfalfa. On the other hand, at times the unrelenting rain showers have washed nectar out of flowers and prevented normal bee foraging. In some cases, low-lying beeyards have been flooded or beekeepers were forced to relocate these colonies to higher ground.
    Colonies have built up well in most cases, but many beekeepers are still trying to recoup their colony numbers and bee strength after the devastating winter. This has caused loss of early honey production in some cases. In contrast, those beekeepers with minimal winter losses could have colonies at full strength and were able to take advantage of early wildflower, black locust and clover flows. Later flows from clover, alfalfa and basswood have been fair to excellent, depending on the weather. Beekeepers in Michigan and Wisconsin were hoping for excellent honey flows since their main honey flows come a bit later, allowing more time for the weather to settle and colonies to build up strength. Due to the rain, soybeans were planted later and may also yield some honey in parts of Illinois and Indiana.
    In summary, the honey flows look more promising than last year and beekeepers are cautiously optimistic. In addition, wholesale honey demand and prices remain strong, so beekeepers are hoping to receive top dollar for their 2010 surplus honey. Retail sales are also expected to remain strong through the end of this year.
    WEST CENTRAL—This area is also hoping for improved honey crops in 2010. However, some beekeepers missed their canola, black locust and yellow sweet clover flows due to excessive rains. Farther north into Nebraska and the Dakotas this may not be a problem since clover and alfalfa flows come a bit later. However, beekeepers have been hoping for a nice long period of warm, sunny weather. Ground moisture is good over most of the area. Overwintered colonies have built up well, but beekeepers with heavy winter losses were forced to make divides or purchase packages and nucs to recoup their colony numbers. These bees will not be able to build up in time to take full advantage of better honey flows this season. In addition to white Dutch clover, yellow sweet clover and white sweet clover, some beekeepers mentioned flows from birdsfoot trefoil, assorted wildflowers and basswood. Later in the season, soybeans, sunflowers and knapweed may also provide some good honey surpluses.
    Although Minnesota beekeepers were hopeful for a good crop this year, they have been busy trying to strengthen colonies and protect them from bears. Bear depredation remains a huge problem in the state and many beekeepers have to maintain bear fences, which adds to their operating expenses.
    Honey demand and prices at both the wholesale and retails levels remain good. White honey prices are varying from $1.55 to $1.70 with some small lots selling for up to $2.00 per pound. Amber prices are about 10 to 15 cents below this. Consumers remain very enthusiastic about the benefits and quality of locally produced honey, so farmers markets and roadside stands are a popular way to retail new crop honey.
    INTERMOUNTAIN—This area is normally behind much of the rest of country as far as colony build-up and honey flows are concerned due to a longer winter and late spring. However, this year has been worse than normal. Beekeepers said that their bees in California and the South often had to contend with rainy, cool and windy weather at a time when they are normally building their populations. Then, once beekeepers transported colonies back to their spring and summer Intermountain locations, the weather continued to be rainy and cool when the bees are normally actively foraging on fruit trees, wildflowers and early clover. Many beekeepers were forced to feed their colonies at a time that they would normally be working wildflowers and early clover and alfalfa. Nevertheless, they were still hoping for later good summer flows from sweet clover, white Dutch clover and alfalfa. In addition, flows may also be obtained from sunflowers and knapweed later this summer. With the abundant ground moisture, honey plants should be plentiful; it’s just a matter of the weather providing the needed foraging time for colonies.
    As in rest of the country, beekeepers have exhausted their honey inventories from 2009 and desperately need a new crop of honey to restock packer inventories and retail store shelves. Producers would also like to be able to take advantage of the higher wholesale and retail prices while the strong honey market lasts. Wholesale buyers are offering $1.65 or more per pound for new crop white honey and some of our correspondents expected this price to increase.
    WEST—Unusually wet, cool conditions persisted over much of the West Coast during the first half of spring at a time when warm, sunny weather would be normal. This caused some beekeeper adjustments, but overall, producers were hopeful for a better honey crop in 2010. Some beekeepers had to feed colonies longer than normal due to slow bee build up and a delay in flower bloom. However, the added moisture for this arid region should help extend flows for longer periods. Bees were working numerous wildflowers and cultivated plants in May, June and July. These included buckwheat, eucalyptus, sage, star thistle and clovers in the foothills. In the irrigated locations, colonies will be transported to seed alfalfa, safflower and cotton fields for flows. Earlier reports said the orange flow was average or better in southern California.
    Farther north into northern California, Oregon and Washington, beekeepers have said that improved moisture conditions should help main flows there from sources like clover, alfalfa, mint, as well as the many wildflowers and berries. Beekeepers were also planning to move some colonies into the mountains for fireweed flows in July.
    Beekeepers are thankful for better honey crops this year; especially since the wholesale honey market and prices remain strong. Packer honey inventories were also low, especially for specific floral honey varieties. Retail honey sales remain normal to strong.
    Almond pollination prices will remain the same as this year or increase slightly in 2011. As always, stronger colonies will receive premium prices from growers—this normally means eight or more frames of brood and bees going into the almond pollination season. Prices we have seen in print are around $180 for strong colonies with eight or more frames of bees or $140 for six or fewer frames of bees going into the pollination season. Seasonal factors such as lower almond market prices on the one hand or a large winter bee kill on the other hand will also affect pricing for those beekeepers who are not already locked into a grower contract and price per colony. 

ARGENTINA
    As of the end of May 2010, cold weather had finally settled in most of Argentina. Timely rains came only during mid-autumn. Unlike previous weather forecasts, the severe effects of El Niño were significantly diminished during the fall season.
    After the unexpected devaluation of the EURO against the U.S. dollar during May, most exporters are concerned about the fluctuations of currencies, and its impact on the course of honey exports during the remainder of the year. European importers will find it more expensive to get their traditional chunk of Argentina honey.
    However, all evidence suggests that there is an eager market in the USA that will compensate for the shorter purchasing power of European buyers. American imports between January of April 2010 achieved a new record of 7,067 MT purchased for US$22.08 million (US$3,124 MT). This is substantially higher, than the 4,529 MT imported into the US during the same period of 2009. Germany, the other leading importer, has reduced its share of imports from 10,204 MT between Jan./Apr. 2009 to just 8,586 MT during Jan./Apr. 2010.
    Nevertheless, the fate of Argentine honey exports during 2010 does not appear to be much different than in 2009. Total exports between January and April 2010 were 21,906 MT, versus 22,531 MT shipped during the same four months of 2009. The main difference has been the export price, which is now at world market levels of US$3,015 MT.
    Scarcity of granulated sugar and HFCS are affecting the nutrition strategy of beekeepers. Woodenware manufacturers are also noticing severe shortages in their efforts to obtain supplies of pine and eucalyptus wood. The devastation caused by the Chilean earthquake of Feb. 27, 2010 has prompted huge exports of timber from Argentina into Chile, thus local supplies have been affected.
    In spite of the high honey prices, most commercial beekeepers do not plan to either increase or to invest substantial amounts of money in their outfits. Lack of credit from banks is one reason. The honey crop was mediocre for most producers. And finally, the expansion of agricultural crops that do not provide as much nectar leaves little room for hive expansion. The last major commercial beekeeping exhibitions were failures in terms of both attendance and sales.



USDA Provides Emergency Assistance to Producers of Honeybees, Livestock and Farm-Raised Fish

WASHINGTON, June 30, 2010 - Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack announced that disaster assistance will be issued starting today to livestock, honeybee and farm-raised fish producers who suffered losses in 2008 because of disease, adverse weather or other conditions. The aid will come from the Emergency Assistance for Livestock, Honeybees and Farm-Raised Fish Program (ELAP).

“American farmers, ranchers and producers should have protection from market disruptions and disasters,” Vilsack said. “The assistance announced today will be particularly helpful to beekeepers whose bees suffered from Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) and will also assist other producers facing economic challenges.”

More than $10 million in disaster assistance, including more than $6 million to compensate beekeepers for 2008 losses will be issued starting today, June 30. Under the program, producers are compensated for losses that are not covered under other Supplemental Agricultural Disaster Assistance Payment programs established by the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, specifically Livestock Forage Disaster Program (LFP), Livestock Indemnity Program (LIP), and Supplemental Revenue Assistance Payments (SURE) Program. ELAP benefits related to 2009 losses are expected to be issued later this summer.

ELAP eligibility provisions have been amended for both honeybee and farm-raised fish producers. The modifications include allowing honeybee and farm-raised fish producers who did not replace their honeybees or fish that were lost due to a natural disaster to be eligible for ELAP payments based on the fair market value of the honeybees or fish that were lost. For more information about USDA Farm Service Agency disaster assistance programs, please visit your FSA county office or http://www.fsa.usda.gov/elap (USDA News Release)

U.S. Honey Crops and Market  -July 2010 -

Excerpt

UNITED STATES
A continued honey shortage in the United States and the world, in general, will translate to continued strong wholesale and retail honey markets during the remainder of 2010. Despite the economic troubles in parts of Europe and the United States, the demand for honey is expected to remain fairly strong, buoyed by the natural foods movement and a general increased concern for the environment.
U.S. honey crops and honey crop prospects look improved over last year's record poor season. Starting in the Southeast, Southwest and West early reports have been mixed, but generally are better than last season. Although colony losses were again quite high, beekeepers were helped in their restocking efforts by good weather in parts of April and May that allowed for good bee buildup. One troubling fact often mentioned by seasoned beekeepers is that they are spending much more time and money every year just to restock deadouts and then try to keep colonies healthy through the honey flow season.
Good winter snows and spring rains over much of the country should help promote plant growth and nectar production. However, beekeepers stressed that the other part of the equation that must be met is warm, sunny weather during the important spring and summer honey flows. Rainy, cool weather throughout much of the 2009 spring and summer hurt honey flows in many parts of the country.
NORTHEAST-Colonies continued to build up well on spring sources, although cool, rainy weather at times delayed colony development in April and May. However, temperatures warmed in late May and June, so colonies were able to actively forage on remaining black locust, tulip-poplar and wildflower flows. Some reporters said that they expected to harvest one or more supers from these spring sources. Clover flows from white Dutch clover and yellow sweet clover should begin in June and will be followed later by buckwheat bloom in areas where this crop is still grown. Beekeepers are optimistic about remaining flows since ground moisture conditions are mostly normal.
Some beekeepers had trouble obtaining packages or nucs this spring due to the large demand. In some cases prices were up due to the demand and increased costs of production. A number of beekeepers also made divides in an effort to rebuild their colony numbers. The wholesale honey market is expected to remain slow until new crop honey comes back on the market.
MIDEAST-Some beekeepers in the Nashville, TN area suffered devastating colony losses due to flooding caused by torrential spring rains. Elsewhere, spring buildup was generally good, despite heavier than normal winter colony losses suffered by some beekeepers. In some cases black locust, tulip-poplar, berries and numerous wildflowers provided excellent spring flows where rain did not severely curtail flows. Prospects are good for later flows from clover, alfalfa, basswood and thistle. Beekeepers in the mountains are also hoping for a good sourwood flow this season.
Beekeepers are anxious to extract their first supers of honey since many have been sold out of inventories since last fall. Demand for honey at both the wholesale and retail levels remains excellent.
SOUTHEAST-The honey production this season has been better than last season, but as always, some locations did not have good weather during their main flows, so they missed out on good crops. Cool, rainy weather was a big factor during the first part of spring, but once the warm temperatures returned, everything seemed to bloom at once. Those beekeepers with medium to strong colonies made some good honey crops. Florida beekeepers report excellent orange flows in some parts of the state, but the tupelo flow in the panhandle area was judged to be about half of normal due to the weather. As this was written, bees were still making honey from gallberry and palmetto. Future prospects in Florida included palmetto, Brazilian pepper, wildflowers and melaleuca.
An update on the northern Florida and southern Georgia gallberry flow is not very encouraging. Many beekeepers are reporting only one-half to two-thirds of a normal crop. The situation is especially discouraging for beekeepers in this big comb honey production area since gallberry often provides the main source for this premium product. Beekeepers are blaming earlier cold weather, which seems to have affected gallberry nectar production. Another factor is that the extremely late and long orange honey flow prevented some beekeepers from moving their colonies to gallberry in time to take advantage of the first part of this important honey flow.
In Georgia, colonies were also making honey from tulip-poplar, berries and early palmetto. In Mississippi, good flows had been received from privet hedge, rattan vine, tulip-poplar and clover. Alabama beekeepers mentioned some of their best flows to date had come tulip-poplar, blackberry and clovers. Along the Gulf Coast, tallow also produced some nice honey crops.
Reporters continue to note encouraging hobby beekeeper interest, as well as an excellent demand for locally produced honey. Since honey inventories have been very low for several months now, packers are eagerly bidding on new crop honey and the retail buyers are very glad to see some of their favorite local honeys available again. Wholesale prices for new crop orange and gallberry honey are often being quoted at $1.50 to $1.60 per pound and $1.40 to $1.50 per pound for darker grades. Some small-lot prices are higher.
SOUTHWEST-After a cool, rainy spring Texas beekeepers were seeing some excellent flows from brush, assorted trees and bushes. Specific flows mentioned included tallow along the Gulf Coast, assorted berries, rattan vine, yaupon, clover and alfalfa. In the normally drier western portions of this area late rains and cooler weather had kept desert wildflowers, as well as irrigated crops like alfalfa, blooming much longer than normal. In addition, localized flows such a mesquite and horsemint were also being received. Cotton should begin blooming soon and in parts of Texas where it is grown excellent honey crops can be secured. In parts of Arkansas and Louisiana beekeepers were hoping for later soybean flows. Earlier flows from privet hedge, berries and assorted wildflowers were fair to good. As this was written clovers were still in bloom due to the extra moisture. In Oklahoma, many wildflowers such as vetch were in bloom, in addition to sweet clover and alfalfa.
Honey inventories are very low, so the new crop honey will be most welcome at both the wholesale and retail levels. In fact, many local honey varieties have been unavailable for quite some time.
EAST CENTRAL-As this was written in late May, white Dutch clover and yellow sweet clover had both come into bloom and bees were making honey. If warm, sunny weather continues through June, beekeepers anticipate making good honey crops from clover and alfalfa. The problem a number of beekeepers have mentioned is that they have been losing so many colonies every year. Therefore, they often end up building up divides, nucs or packages on the main flows rather than making surplus honey from them. On the other hand, successfully overwintered colonies built up extremely well and reporters in some parts of the East Central area indicated heavier than normal swarming.

U.S. Honey Crops and Market  -June 2010 -

Full Version

UNITED STATES
A new survey of U.S. colony losses conducted by the Apiary Inspectors of America and the USDA-ARS Honey Bee Lab estimates a 33.8% loss of managed colonies during the winter of 2009-2010. This compares to total losses of 29%, 35.8% and 31% recorded, respectively, in the winters of 2008/2009, 2007/2008 and 2006/2007. The survey was extensive covering over 22.4% of the country's estimated 2.46 million colonies.

According to the colony loss report, "It is also important to note that this survey only reports on winter losses, and does not capture the colony losses that occur throughout the summer as queens or entire colonies fail and need to be replaced. Preliminary date from the other survey efforts suggest that these "summer" losses can also be significant. All told, the rate of loss experienced by the industry is unsustainable."

Package bee, nuc and queen availability has again been an issue for new and established beekeepers. A prolonged cold snap in the Southeast and long periods of cool, rainy weather in California delayed some bee and queen shipments. In addition, some beekeepers, who were late in ordering, were told that no more bees were available, and queens would only be available again in late spring or early summer. The bad part about this is that these delays often affect the new beekeepers because they are the ones who do not realize that they must order bees during the winter in order to secure them for spring delivery.

Our reporters over much of the United States continue to indicate a lot of new interest in beekeeping at short courses and club meetings. This is very encouraging in view of the fact that colony numbers have been declining for a couple decades. New beekeepers often cite interest in the environment, pollination and simply preservation of honey bees in their area as reasons for their interest in beekeeping.

The U.S. honey shortage remains a major topic for commercial and sideline beekeepers since they are being inundated by calls from packers, food companies and individual consumers looking for honey. In the case of individuals, many say that they are having trouble finding locally produced honey due to poor crops last year. Wholesale honey prices have remained strong with many buyers commonly quoting $1.50 to $1.70 per lb. for white honey. Some small lots of white honey are still selling as high as $2.00 per pound. Amber grades are selling about 10 to 25 cents lower.

NORTHEAST-Beekeepers were busy in April and early May as they continued to install new packages, nucs and make divides to recoup their colony numbers. Cold weather delayed build-up and foraging at times, but a nice two-week warm spell in April allowed many colonies to make great progress. In addition to fruit bloom and dandelions, many wildflowers and trees were in bloom. Major flows had not begun yet, but as black locust, tulip poplar, sumac and early clover begin to flower, beekeepers will have to be vigilant about swarming and adding supers in a timely manner. Since much of this area has had adequate ground moisture, their main concern now is for warm, clear foraging weather during the major spring and early summer honey flows. A New England snowstorm in late April put a temporary hold on bee work until warmer weather returned. A number of larger beekeepers were still very busy with spring pollination contracts on berries and fruit trees. Locally produced honey remains in very short supply with packers offering good prices for remaining unsold stocks.
MIDEAST-After a usually cold, long winter, beekeepers received a nice spring break in April with a couple weeks of warm, clear weather that provided ideal bee build-up conditions. Many colonies really needed this weather and it helped beekeepers as they continued their apiary work. This work included feeding surviving colonies and cleaning and restocking deadouts. Many beekeeping associations in this area are working to increase beekeeping in their states and beekeepers in some states are even receiving a nice boost from their state governments who realize the importance of having a healthy managed honey bee population in their states.

The big flows coming on soon include black locust, tulip-poplar, sumac, thistle and white Dutch clover. Beekeepers are hoping for clear, warm weather during this important honey flow period. In addition to their other work, beekeepers were wrapping up the spring pollination season for various berries, apple, and other fruits. As we have indicated for several months now, locally produced honey is just about nonexistent until new crop honey is extracted and bottled.

SOUTHEAST-Conditions have improved significantly since earlier in the spring when cool, rainy weather put colonies into a holding mode with little nectar or pollen being available. However, bees seem to be making up for lost time at last report and beekeepers were more encouraged about later honey flows. Florida beekeepers are generally happy with their orange flow this year. However, it was a very late flow and some beekeepers said they missed other flows such as black gum in the woods due to the late and prolonged citrus flow. One correspondent called this year's orange crop "the best quality in many years." Prospects in Florida and Georgia look encouraging for later gallberry and palmetto flows since moisture has been adequate and bee populations are good. Weather remains the big factor for these later flows. If it is clear and warm during the flows, honey crops could be excellent. Due to the weather, the Florida tupelo flow was about two weeks late in some locations.

In Mississippi, colonies have been working many wildflowers, shrubs and trees. Redbud, ti ti, blackberries, tulip-poplar and other sources were providing the first surpluses of the season, but should be followed shortly by privet hedge, clover and tallow along the Gulf Coast. Demand for colonies for pollination rental at fruit, berry and vegetable farms continues to be strong in this area with prices averaging in the $45 to $50 range, according to some of our reporters. The costs of maintaining colonies continue to grow due to disease and pest losses every winter. Then, too, queen viability is an issue since queens are not lasting as long and do not seem to be as prolific as in the past.

The wholesale and retail honey markets remain strong, but little honey remained unsold. Beekeepers were just beginning to extract their first new supers of orange and wildflower honey as this was written. Offering prices are varying from $1.60 or more for orange and white honey to $1.40 or more for amber grades. Even prices for so-called "bakery grade" honey are at $1.20 or more. An encouraging sign at area beekeeping meetings and short courses has been the tremendous amount of new hobbyist interest in starting beekeeping.
SOUTHWEST-As in the Southeast, the season began slowly due to late cool, rainy weather. However, since then, colonies seem to be making up for lost time and beekeepers have been kept very busy making divides, replacing deadouts, as well as transporting bees for pollination work and upcoming honey flows. The brush flow reports have been mixed, but a number of beekeepers were able to secure surplus honey from the numerous wildflowers in the area such as rattan, huckleberry, partridge pea, horsemint, etc.

Along the Gulf Coast, Chinese tallow is blooming and beekeepers always look forward to making a nice honey crop from this source, even though the honey is often darker and high in moisture. In West Texas, New Mexico and Arizona beekeepers have been securing honey from spring wildflower flows and hope to obtain regional flows from sources like mesquite, catsclaw, huajillo and other semi-arid and arid honey plants.

In Louisiana and Arkansas, numerous wildflowers, shrubs, trees and berries are blooming and have provided nice honey flows where colonies were strong enough to take advantage of them. In the eastern half of this area clover flows should be starting soon and then cotton and soybeans, in areas where these crops are grown, will follow.

Interest in beekeeping continues to be excellent, according to local associations. Honey also continues to sell well at both the wholesale and retail levels, but no old crop honey was still available, so buyers are seeking lots of new crop honey to restock their inventories.
EAST CENTRAL-After an unusually long, hard winter, beekeepers welcomed a warm, clear early spring. This helped bee build-up and allowed beekeepers more time in their beeyards to feed, make divides, and install nucs or packages of bees. A big problem was finding enough bees and queens to recoup colony losses. The bee shortage has been especially frustrating for new beekeepers, many of whom have attended short courses and want to start their own colonies.

Conditions are bit dry in parts of Wisconsin and northern Illinois, but no acute ground moisture shortages have been reported yet. In fact, as this was written, the East Central area was receiving drenching rains. Early build-up flows from fruit bloom, dandelion, wild mustard and other sources have been good. Overwintered colonies should be strong enough to take advantage of flows from black locust and yellow sweet clover that were coming on in May.

Keeping colonies alive and strong enough to take advantage of these main flows from black locust, clover, basswood and alfalfa has been a major hurdle for honey producers trying to take advantage of higher wholesale and retail honey prices. Last season, cool, rainy weather hurt the main honey flows causing many very poor honey crops. With excellent demand for honey, beekeepers would like to be able to produce average or better honey crops this season.

WEST CENTRAL-Commercial beekeepers continued returning from almond pollination in California or build-up flows in the South. Due to the cool spring in the South some reporters said that their bees were not as strong as they normally are at this time of year. Winter losses in the West Central area were quite variable. We have heard of losses as low as 5% to as high as 75% per cent with no apparent differences in bee health or stores when the colonies began last winter. Some beekeepers felt that winter wrapping and control of mites provided the edge that their bees needed to survive the long, cold winter.
Beekeepers were either working to rebuild their decimated apiaries or, on the other hand, were making splits and selling nucs in order to prevent early swarming. Colonies had been working dandelions, wild mustard, fruit bloom and numerous wildflowers and shrubs. With plenty of ground moisture, reporters suggested that this could be a bumper clover and alfalfa year if the weather cooperates. Last summer promising flow prospects were hurt by cool, rainy weather during the crucial flow period. As this was written, black locust was just coming into bloom in many locations and beekeepers were hoping to make some surplus honey from this source. Unfortunately, rainy weather often interrupts this potentially excellent flow.

Beekeepers who rent colonies for pollination of fruit and berry crops in this area generally reported warm, clear weather during the bloom, which should translate to good crops for growers. Demand for honey at both the wholesale and retail levels remains excellent, but little honey remains unsold. Offering prices continue to be very attractive and beekeepers hope that they will remain strong through this fall.

INTERMOUNTAIN-Beekeepers were continuing their preseason apiary work, which included feeding, making divides and nucs and cleaning up deadouts. Many commercial colonies were just being moved back to their home locations in various Intermountain states after almond pollination and early build-up in California. Colonies overwintered at Intermountain locations were being unwrapped and fed. Overwintering success has been fair to good. Correspondents were encouraged by the increased hobby beekeeper interest that they are seeing at short courses and club meetings. As this was written, bees were working dandelion, willow and early wildflowers. Fruit tree bloom was coming on as this was written and commercial beekeepers with pollination contracts will need to move colonies to orchard locations. In Utah, colonies in desert locations were still working numerous desert flowers and mesquite where this source was available. The next major flow for many Intermountain beekeepers will be sweet clover and alfalfa on irrigated land.

Demand for honey at both the wholesale and retail level continues to be very strong and prices are still increasing. Unfortunately, as is the case elsewhere, little honey remains unsold in the hands of beekeepers.

WEST-After experiencing a rainy, cool spring, weather conditions in California were settling down and warmer temperatures were returning. Beekeepers are more encouraged about spring and early summer honey flows this season because more rain and snow was received, which has helped ground moisture and replenished reservoir levels. Bees earlier were working assorted wildflowers including rosemary, borage, bottlebrush, poppies, wild mustard, vetch and lavender. In the foothills, buckwheat, sage and eucalyptus should provide some nice surpluses if the clear, warm weather holds.

Commercial beekeepers were continuing to pollinate various crops in California including plums, peaches, cherries, strawberries and blueberries. In Oregon and Washington, many beekeepers had moved colonies back to these states from California for cherry, peach, pear, berry and apple pollination duties. Early wildflowers are also starting to bloom in these states as beekeepers continue their early season beeyard work. Some locations in the northwest remain on the dry side, despite receiving later precipitation in the form of rain or snow.

The almond pollination season went well despite some localized shortages of bees for growers. The 2010 almond crop looks very good, according to several sources. Deciding on 2011 pricing will be tough. Some pollination services are planning to keep their prices unchanged for 2011. On the other hand, some beekeepers who lowered their prices this year due to the feared glut of bees, may increase their prices in 2011 to reflect the better almond prices and more water availability for irrigation.

An article written by Eric Mussen, California extension apiculturist, says that the cost to keep a commercial honey bee colony healthy and strong in the state is now estimated to be as high as high as $240 per year. This means that beekeepers must not only make top dollar from almond pollination, but also must go on to pollinate other crops or make up the remaining deficit with honey production.

Honey prices and demand at both the wholesale and retail levels remain strong, so some beekeepers may elect to place colonies on honey flows and forego some later pollination opportunities, especially where adequate ground and irrigation water is available for plant growth.

ARGENTINA
During the first quarter of 2010 (January, February and March) Argentina exported 15,188 metric tons of honey for US$45.22 million. This represents a C&F price per MT of US$2,977. Compared to the same first quarter of year 2009, the total volume exported is only 2% higher, but the price increased 11.5% from a previous US$2,664 per MT. The most relevant difference between these two quarters is the amount of honey imported by U.S. buyers. U.S. buyers paid on average US$3,100 per MT. There is no ground for antidumping accusations against Argentine exporters given the current level of prices.

During the first quarter of 2009, American importers bought 7,434 MT of honey, but during the same period of 2010 their market share doubled after importing 14,600 MT. It is evident that the United States will again replace Chinese honey with Argentine imports.

Germany, which is the traditional leading importer, still keeps its number one position, but with some changes. During the first quarter of 2009, German imports from Argentina represented 18,000 MT, while during the first three months of  2010 this volume dropped to 15,900 MT. By the way, German importers during 2010 have paid only US$2,900 per MT.
Although some sources forecast a substantially larger honey crop this year in Argentina, beekeepers report mediocre crops in most of the country, with the exception of a narrow strip which extends from the central part of Buenos Aires province to its southeast. The good crop in this region does not compensate the poor yields reported all over the territory.
The total honey crop is now estimated at slightly over 60,000 MT and unsold stocks at this time probably represent 35,000 MT. Most exporters are looking forward to a devaluation of the Argentine Peso, which is the local currency. Several economists agree that the current exchange rate should be adjusted by 25%, so Argentine exports turn out to be more competitive. The U.S. dollar is fixed to the Argentine Peso at a 3.90 parity, but inflation is rampant at an annual level of 30%.

Beekeepers are finding great difficulties in purchasing both granulated sugar and diesel. In the case of sugar, because of worldwide bad crops last year, the wholesale price in Argentina increased by 100% since June 2009. Therefore, beekeepers are extremely prudent when deciding the amount of sugar for winter stores. On the other hand, diesel not only increased 25% since January 1st, but it also became unavailable at many gas stations. The reason is that the huge soybean crop requires more and more quantities of diesel for all the agricultural machinery needed.

World Honey Market  -April 2010 -

Excerpt

UNITED STATES
High winter colony losses and difficulties in obtaining adequate and timely supplies of package bees, nucs and queens continued to be a major topic of concern at bee meetings and short courses around the country. Further aggravating this problem was the cool, rainy early spring in the South and California that delayed queen rearing and package bee production. Breeders have been very busy trying to accommodate as many orders as possible, but a survey in late March indicated that many companies were booked until later this spring.
Beekeepers in the South and California were coming into their swarming season as spring wildflowers and trees came into full bloom. Orange flow reports from Florida were still sketchy with some beekeepers reporting good production, while others felt the flow in their area was below normal. Migratory beekeepers will be moving colonies back from the West Coast to their home states soon before the major alfalfa and clover flows begin. The almond pollination season turned out well for growers who were able to secure sufficient colonies for their groves. A large colony loss among beekeepers bringing colonies to California caused a severe last minute bee shortage. Almond rental prices are expected to remain the same or increase by $10 to $20 for the 2011 season.
With all the snow and rain this year, a number of our reporters were hoping for a bumper clover and alfalfa honey production year. However, they are scrambling to build up colonies in time to take full advantage of these flows. The next major flows on the East Coast include tulip-poplar, sumac and black locust. California beekeepers were hoping for greatly improved honey flows this season since good ground moisture has been received and reservoirs are back to normal levels in many locations.
The EPA's refusal in March to grant a temporary Section 18 permit to the NOD Apiary Product's new varroa control, Mite-Away Quick Strips (MAQS), has beekeepers scratching their heads regarding the EPA's lack of understanding on this important topic. The EPA felt there were enough varroa-control products available under the current Section 18 permits to take care of the varroa problem, but beekeepers are saying just the opposite. NOD Apiary Products is now trying to obtain a Section 3 General Registration for the MAQS formic acid mite control.
The domestic honey supply remains very short at present. Buyers have been actively looking for remaining stocks of 2009 crop honey, but little is still available. Offering prices continue to increase at the wholesale level, but few beekeepers have been lucky enough to have any honey left to sell. Meanwhile, retail sales also continue to be listed as fair to good over most of the country with consumers showing a preference for locally produced honey when it is still available.
In related honey news, the FDA appears to be clamping down on "food fraud" in the United States, according to an article published March 30, 2010 in the Washington Post. Included in the article was the problem of honey adulteration. According to the Post article, "At the FDA's first public meeting on food fraud last year, groups across the industry complained that it is not doing enough." Due to earlier refusal of the FDA to consider establishing a National Honey Standard of Identity, many state beekeepers' associations are working to pass their own state honey identity laws. Florida, California and Wisconsin, respectively, have been the first three to successfully enact such legislation.
In the illegal Chinese honey import case against Yong Xiang Yan, the Northern District of Illinois U.S. Attorney, Patrick J. Fitzgerald, has offered the defendant a plea agreement. At the time of this report, no word had been received yet on acceptance of the plea agreement or possible sentencing.

 World Honey Market  -April 2010 -

Full version

UNITED STATES
An unusually cold, wet winter has been hard on colonies over much of the country. As this was written in early March, beekeepers were using a break in the winter to check outyards. What some were finding was not a pretty picture. We have heard of losses of up to 50% from a number of beekeepers. Even in the traditionally mild Southeast and Southwest areas, beekeepers had to fight cold, rainy weather well past normal. This has made early buildup for package bee, nuc and queen production very difficult. The season will obviously be delayed by at least a couple weeks. Also, some producers will not be able to supply as many bees and queens as they had hoped. This, added to the high winter losses in the northern United States, has caused a number of producers to book up on orders earlier than normal.
Only the northwestern United States seemed to be spared Mother Nature's wrath this winter. On the other hand, the silver lining from all the rain and snow has been much improved soil moisture and reservoir levels over many dry parts of the country. In fact, some parts of California had already suffered devastating flooding and mudslides.  Residents in the East Central and West Central areas were bracing for what could be a very wet spring with possible flooding along major rivers. 
The world supply of honey is expected to improve slightly in 2010, according to some forecasters. Many major honey-producing countries had poor honey crops in 2009.  In fact, the United States registered its poorest crop on record, even below 2008's record poor honey production. According to the yearly USDA-NASS honey estimate, only 144 million pounds of honey were produced, down 12% from 2008. The world honey supply is expected to remain tight for the next year, except possibly for Chinese honey, which seems to find its way to this country, one way or another. Most sources believe honey prices will remain strong. Local honey will continue to be a  hot item in 2010 and supplies will remain short.
NORTHEAST-Bitter cold and regular snowstorms kept winter very much on the minds of beekeepers through February and the first part of March. By the first mild days of March, beekeepers were braving the deep snow to check for colony survival. Mixed reports are coming from beekeepers. While some indicate that the colder weather has reduced stores consumption, others have said that the prolonged cold weather prevented lateral cluster movement, thus starving many colonies in the midst of plenty.
With all the moisture available for plant growth, spring and summer flows could be excellent if colonies are populous and temperatures are warm. Unfortunately, some beekeepers may be too busy repopulating deadouts to worry about spring flows.  Supplies and delivery times for package bees, nucs and queens are a concern since a colder than normal early season has put package bee and queen producers behind schedule. In addition, much warmer weather will be needed to allow normal bee foraging weather. As this was written, maples and other early tree sources needed a few warm days before they could bloom and provide the first new pollen and nectar for 2010.
Most beekeepers were sold out of honey until the new crop starts coming in.  Honey demand remains strong. 
MIDEAST-As weather finally began to warm in March, beekeepers were playing catch-up trying to prepare their colonies for early spring flows. This will be a big job since many colonies perished during the prolonged cold periods during this harsh winter.  Beekeepers were busy feeding and will try to make early divides to recoup their hive numbers. Package bee and queen deliveries may be problematic, however, since the cold weather has also delayed the southern bee season. 
Soil moisture conditions have returned to normal throughout the area and if the weather cooperates, beekeepers could have excellent spring and summer honey flows.  Much will depend on the colony strength, however, since many of the best flows in this area come in May and early June. Domestic honey continues to be scarce, so little trading is taking place.
SOUTHEAST-The start of the season was about two weeks late in coming.  Even after maples, willow, and wild fruit trees blooms were available, periods of cold, rainy weather continued to delay bee build up and beekeeper work. Package bee and queen producers have had an especially tough time building bees up and in many cases had to feed extra amounts of syrup to supplement available nectar and pollen sources. Demand is strong for package bees, nucs, queen cells and queens.  A number of producers have told us that they are either already booked up or will be shortly. 
Moisture conditions are good, but plants needed more warm weather. In some cases, the earlier freezes did some damage to orange groves in Florida. However, other reporters said that they felt flows in their area were not damaged by the freeze, but that warmer weather was needed during the actual bloom. The late almond season in California may affect orange and other early honey production since some migratory beekeepers may not be able to return to Florida as early as they had hoped.
As we indicated last month, little honey remains available, so few sales are taking place. Buyers are actively seeking to lock in crops and prices for new crop orange, gallberry, palmetto and tupelo honey.
SOUTHWEST-Good rains have helped spring honey flow prospects over much of this area.  However, the prolonged cool weather also held back colony development and bee work. Winter bee losses were also higher than normal. Some beekeepers and package bee and queen producers said that they were running a couple weeks late. Bees were working early tree sources like maple, elm, oak, pine and cedar.  In addition, dandelions were starting to bloom, as well as wild and domestic fruit trees. The first major flows will come from wildflowers and shrubs, often called "brush" areas. In addition, along the Gulf Coast Chinese tallow should begin blooming and it normally provides significant amounts of honey. Beekeepers don't have any honey left to sell, but packers are making higher offering bids on honey crops that have not materialized yet in order to secure future inventories.
EAST CENTRAL-It's been a tough winter for colonies in this area. Many beekeepers have reported large winter colony losses.  In some cases, starvation is blamed, but in a number of instances clusters died amidst plenty of honey. Beekeepers surmise that the prolonged, extremely cold weather prevented clusters from moving to the new honey stores. A number of beekeepers were feeding in March. The deep snow prevented access, except by foot or snowmobile in some cases. Where outyards had numerous dead colonies, beekeepers were able to simply move the hive bodies and supers full of honey from the dead colonies to surviving colonies. This provided a ready and easily accessible source of food to surviving colonies as they began their spring buildup.  Ground moisture conditions are above normal due to all the earlier rain followed by heavy snows. 
Maples, elms and other early pollen sources were slow in blooming this March due to the prolonged severe cold weather.  However, a break in the weather in early March gave colonies a good cleansing flight and allowed beekeepers to begin checking colonies. Some beekeepers were adding pollen supplement patties because they felt colonies did not yet have access to a plentiful supply of early natural pollen.  Demand for package bees, nucs and queens is expected to be very heavy again this year.  Unfortunately, reporters were telling us that they were already encountering some difficulty is lining up orders due to the heavy demand. 
Demand for honey remains excellent, but little local honey remains unsold. Wholesale prices are expected to increase again this season as packers scramble for new inventories. 
WEST CENTRAL-Many commercial beekeepers still had the bulk of their bees in California or in a southern state for buildup. However, these colonies will be returning to clover and alfalfa honey production locations this month. This has been a rugged winter for overwintering in the West Central area due to prolonged extreme cold weather, often accompanied by strong winds. Bees overwintered indoors or provided with winter packing seem to have done much better in these extreme conditions since clusters were looser, allowing bees to move laterally to new stores.
Many beekeepers were just opening their first colonies to survey the situation as this was written. Mixed reports are coming in-some beekeepers report average or excellent overwintering, while others report devastating winter losses. These losses will need to be recouped with splits, nucs or packages, so demand for replacement bees and queens will be heavy again this season.  Some reporters blame varroa or viruses, but many others call this an old-fashioned hard winter that we haven't had in quite a few years. With poor honey flows last season, many colonies went into winter ill-prepared for any kind of winter. Early bee work will be difficult due to deep snows in some locations. In addition, muddy roads and localized flooding may also be a problem once temperatures begin to warm. If the weather is nice this spring, clover and alfalfa growth is expected to be excellent due to the abundant ground moisture.
Wholesale and retail honey demand are good, but domestic stocks are mostly exhausted. Prices are expected to continue to increase this year.
INTERMOUNTAIN-Most commercial beekeepers had taken their bees to California for almond pollination and later pollination work for fruits and berries.  Most will be returning to their home honey production locations sometime this month or early next month before clover and alfalfa begin to bloom. Beekeepers who leave their colonies on location have experienced a fair to good winter. Cleansing flights have come on a fairly regular basis. Beekeepers were just beginning to peek into hives in March and will also begin spring feeding and other bee work as the season progresses. Package bees and queens should be in good demand as beekeepers replace deadouts and start new colonies. According to our reporters, a number of new beekeepers are also starting, if attendance at short courses and bee meetings is any indication.  Beekeepers had sold most of their honey before the beginning of 2010.
WEST-Earlier rainy, windy weather made bee movement into the almond groves difficult at times. However, the rainy season was letting up some, so that bees had more foraging time. Along with almonds, bees were working numerous wildflowers including borage, wild mustard, bottlebrush, etc. Other beekeepers had moved their colonies into the orange groves for honey production, but we had not heard how much honey the orange flow had produced. Pollinators also will be moving their bees on to apples, plums, pears, etc., as the season progresses. With all of the rainy weather, soil moisture and reservoir conditions are rated as much improved over last year. This should not only promote better row crop production, but many wildflowers that traditionally produce excellent honey crops should be available in abundance this season. These include manzanita, sage, buckwheat and star thistle.
After many beekeepers had contracted their bees for almonds at $10 to $20 less than last year due to rumors that fewer bees would be needed, the situation changed dramatically. Many commercial beekeepers had heavy fall and winter colony losses, so they were not able to supply as many colonies as they had hoped. In addition, almond prices rebounded on the world market causing growers to show renewed interest in producing a maximum crop by having adequate pollination. Also, good rains and snow in the mountains eased irrigation water restriction fears. These factors all came together in early 2010 and resulted in a net shortage of perhaps 100,000 colonies, according to some reports. Some desperate growers offered $20 to $40 more over the going rate for strong colonies in order to obtain bees before their almond bloom began.  Others relented and accepted "culls" with only a few frames of bees in order to provide some pollination.

ARGENTINA
Although by early March the honey crop should be over in most of Argentina, the intense showers of February (the highest on record since 1906) may help offset the results of a mediocre crop. Beekeepers located in the delta region of Buenos Aires and Entre Ríos provinces might reap the benefit of extended levels of ground moisture, along with migratory producers now located in the eucalyptus region of northeastern tropical Argentina.
However, for beekeepers located in the prairies, the 2009/2010 season will again be remembered as a poor honey season. Unlike last year, when severe drought conditions besieged beekeepers, this season unusually rainy days hampered honey harvest prospects.
El Niño weather conditions will continue at full strength until late May 2010. Because of bad roads, beekeepers in Argentina are seriously concerned about their chances to harvest their remaining honey crop, as well as to their chances to complete timely varroa treatments and supplemental feeding. One additional issue of concern is the huge increase in the price of bulk sugar, which is now 73% higher than one year ago.
According to recent trade statistics that were just released, during the period January - February of 2010, total Argentine honey exports were 6,548 metric tons, which sold for US$19.15 million. This translates into US$2,924 per MT. The current tonnage represents a 16% lower volume exported at a 12% higher price than exports of January - February of 2009 (7,815 MT exported for US$20.3 million). Although, most sources agree that this season's crop will be higher than last year's harvest, available export figures indicate the opposite so far.
The first bimester exports of 2010 also show an interesting trend. USA imports were 130% higher (1,730 MT) over purchases made during Jan. - Feb. 2009 (751 MT). This is compatible with the short crop in the USA, along with the higher demand for honey worldwide. Germany decreased its imported volume from 3,685 MT during 2009 to just 2,943 MT during 2010, but it still keeps the same market share of 43% of total Argentine exports. Exporters complain of the declining exchange rate for the EURO, but they also acknowledge that the revaluation of the U.S. dollar facilitates their shipments to the USA.

March 2010 - World Honey Market

Excerpt

UNITED STATES
The California almond pollination season was going into high gear in February. Better almond prices and an improved moisture situation had growers scrambling to obtain more bees in those cases where contracts had not been previously signed. Although it made colony transportation difficult at times, the extra rain and snow held the promise of improved honey flows in this drought-stricken state. Nevertheless, some beekeepers were worried about the rainy, cool weather limiting bee foraging, not only in the almond orchards, but also later in honey flow locations.

Beekeepers in the Southeast and Mideast have battled colder than normal temperatures this winter, sometimes accompanied by snow and ice. The winter was also difficult for colonies in the northern half of the United States. Many of our reporters indicated much colder temperatures and significant snow accumulation. The main overwintering concern was possible starvation if bees could not break cluster to move to new stores or beekeeper-provided sugar. Beekeepers were hoping for an early spring accompanied by bountiful nectar and pollen sources. Many beekeepers had already fed their colonies heavily, but expected to give them more feed in the form of syrup and pollen supplements in March.

Reporters from every area have mentioned the shortage of domestic honey. Wholesale honey prices have continued to inch up, but many beekeepers were sold out of their smaller 2009 honey crops. Imported honey and honey blends continue to be a major factor in what has been called a two-tiered U.S. honey market-one market for U.S.-produced honey and another market for cheap imported honey.
 
NORTHEAST-The winter has been more severe than usual, but beekeepers are hopeful about overwintering success, as long as they can have a break in the weather in March to check and feed colonies where necessary. The snow actually insulates colonies, so is of no real concern unless it prevents access to outyards. On the other hand, extended periods of cold weather can sometimes prevent colonies from breaking cluster in order to move sideways to new stores and to use beekeeper-provided sugar.

The first sources of nectar will be the maples, willows, and other early-blooming trees, followed by fruit trees and wildflowers. Good ground moisture conditions should allow luxuriant spring plant bloom if the weather cooperates.

As we indicated earlier, little honey remains unsold due to the short crop and heavy consumer demand for local honey.

World Honey Market - February 2010

UNITED STATES
For many commercial beekeepers February and the beginning of the almond pollination season in California are probably just as if not more important than the honey production months of May, June and July.  Most migratory beekeepers had already placed their colonies in holding yards in the state, but will be moving them to the almond groves soon.  Although prices are down by $10 or more this year, the incentive is still there to make the trek to California.  With poor honey crops in 2009, a number of commercial beekeepers felt they needed to again place their bets on almond pollination contracts.  Overwintering success, as well as grading of colonies, are still two big unknowns, however. 
 Winter came on strong over much of the country by the end of December. Large snowfalls and bitterly cold temperatures gripped the northern half of the country in early January.  However, the biggest immediate concern for many beekeepers was how the cold weather and frosts were affecting the Southeast and orange groves in Florida.  Not only can fruit be ruined, but trees can be damaged, as well as the orange flow bloom.  Other early buildup flows in the Southeast can also be damaged by prolonged cold spells and freezes.  These early flows are especially important for package bee and queen breeders who count on them for buildup in order to fill their many bee orders from around the country.  Earlier reports of fall colony losses were mixed, with some producers suffering heavy losses, while others felt that their colonies were going into winter with strong bee populations.  As far as winter losses are concerned, many beekeepers will not have a good estimate until they are able to check colonies after the first cleansing flights this month and next month. 
 All areas are reporting excellent wholesale and retail honey sales.  Unfortunately, due to another very poor honey crop-perhaps a record poor year in 2009-few beekeepers have much honey still available unsold.  Wholesale prices of $1.50 to $1.60 are common.  And, in at least one instance, a midwestern beekeeper has sold small lots of white honey for $2.00 per pound and we have heard that $1.75 per pound is not that uncommon with amber prices averaging 5 to 10 cents below this.  
 Unfortunately, although domestic honey prices are up, this scarcity of honey is opening the door to honey blends, as well as more cheap Chinese honey shipped via third-party countries to avoid the U.S. tariff on Chinese honey.  The trend toward honey blends is particularly disturbing since this product is being legally labeled as a blend and is being offered as a lower priced alternative to pure honey in stores and to industrial users. 
 NORTHEAST-After a mild fall, winter came on with a vengeance in the northeast bringing heavy snowfall and bitterly cold temperatures.  Colonies that went into winter with sufficient stores should be fine, but some beekeepers who normally rely on fall flows for all of their winter stores will need to watch colonies closely during late February and early March when cleansing flights take place.
 Beekeepers are generally satifified with the prices that they are receiving for their honey at both the wholesale and retail levels.  Unfortunately, many of the higher prices being received are due to the scarcity of locally produced honey.  Many beekeepers produced poor honey crops and sold most of their surplus last fall.  Another downside is that the honey scarcity and higher prices are causing more packers to turn to imported honey or worse yet, honey/syrup blends. 
 MIDEAST-Reports are varying on colony strength and condition.  Some reporters felt that their bees went into winter strong with good populations and stores.  On the other hand, due to poor honey crops, other reporters suggest the exact opposite-that their colonies went into winter with smaller than normal clusters and below normal winter stores. Beekeepers will definitely need to check colonies as early as they can to start feeding where necessary. The early winter brought heavy snows and windy, cold weather.  However, this should not be a problem unless colonies were already short on honey stores.  One nice result of the rainy summer, fall and early heavy snows is that ground moisture conditions are back to normal in many locations that have suffered from a lack of water for a few years. 
 As in the Northeast, a severe shortage of locally produced honey has brought record prices, but many beekeepers simply did not have enough surplus to take advantage of the strong market.  As always in these situations, this has opened the door to both importers of cheap honey and honey adulterators. 
 SOUTHEAST-As this was written in early January, the major beekeeper concern in Florida was damaging Arctic blasts of cold air.  These cold blasts not only threaten the citrus crop, but also damage citrus trees and curtail bloom.  This can be devastating to beekeepers who rely on the orange groves and other citrus acreage for a major portion of their honey crop.  By our next report, we should know if this precarious situation did, indeed, damage orange honey prospects.  The severe cold weather can also damage other honey plants and trees or curtail their bloom since major honey flows come much earlier in this region of the country. 
 Ground moisture conditions are rated as satisfactory to dry over much of this area. Southwest Florida reporters said dry weather was a major concern in their area. Beekeepers were hoping for warmer weather, along with seasonal rainfall to help soil moisture for plant growth. 
 With another season of below normal honey crops over much of the Southeast, inventories of surplus honey are beginning to dry up.  Wholesale prices have risen, but this is of little solace to those who did not produce enough honey to meet rising costs of production.  Some beekeepers are attempting to sell more of their crop at the retail level and there is a growing trend among consumers to purchase locally produced and packaged foods such as honey.  In fact, some beekeepers have commented that they have been able to sell some of their darker grades formally regarded as "bakery grade" by packers to an eager group of health-conscious consumers.  This, of course, requires considerably more effort since the honey must be bottled and marketed, both of which take much more time than simply filling honey barrels and taking them to a packer. 
 Package bee and queen producers have been gearing up for another busy season.  Early orders were already starting in January and February as beekeepers tried to lock in their shipping dates before anticipated supplies of bees and queens were booked up. 
 SOUTHWEST-Reporters said that they have been having cooler than normal temperatures and above normal moisture.  While the added moisture will help spring plant growth, some beekeepers said that the cool, wet weather had been slowing brood production and colony growth at a time when beekeepers need strong colonies in order to make later splits or nucs.  In late December and early January, several states in the area reported major winter snowstorms with significant accumulation.  At this point, colonies were still wintering okay, but if the cold weather continues much beyond normal into the new season, beekeepers will be forced to feed extra syrup or face colony starvation.  Early maple, willow and other trees should start providing early pollen and nectar this month. 
 Beekeeper and packer honey inventories remain low and prices have continued to increase at both the wholesale and retail levels for remaining stocks of 2009 honey.  More honey/syrup blends are showing up on the grocery store shelves, which is a major beekeeper concern. 
 EAST CENTRAL-Since last month, winter weather has stopped all outside bee work.  In addition, migratory beekeepers from this area are either in California for almond pollination or have moved many colonies to the South for buildup.  Several winter storms passed through the area in late December and January bringing large snowfalls and subsequent very cold temperatures.  Beekeepers in heavy snowfall locations say that the snow will help with colony insulation against the unusually cold temperatures accompanied by strong winds.  Since honey crops were poor over much of the East Central area, a number of beekeepers fed their bees last fall and will need to keep a watch on them after the first cleansing flights occur in February or March. 
 As in much of the rest of the country, honey supplies remain short, but wholesale and retail demand continue to be strong.  Beekeepers report receiving more calls from packers looking for honey.  We received one of our first reports of $2.00 per pound being offered by a packer for nonvarietal white honey. This was for a load of about 10 barrels of honey.  Retail honey sales continued strong through the holiday season, but supplies are now running low.  A major concern continues to be cheap Chinese "funny honey" shipped to the U.S. via third-party countries, as well as the increasing use of honey/syrup blends by packers for both their industrial and consumer sales.  Wisconsin beekeepers are in the final stages of getting a honey identity law passed in their state.
 WEST CENTRAL-Varroa mites were very active this fall in the upper Midwest, according to a number of our reporters.  As a result, a fairly large number of beekeepers will need to restock a large percentage of deadouts this spring.  This means taking survivors to the South for buildup and making splits or buying package bees or nucs from a breeder.  Other beekeepers report that after feeding this last fall, their colonies went into winter in good to excellent shape with nice large clusters.  Of course, migratory beekeepers have already moved their colonies to California for almond pollination.  Prices being offered this year on colonies with eight frames of brood are varying from $130 to $140. 
 Before the late December and January snowstorms, some reporters were saying that ground moisture was getting a bit short.  However, the heavy snowfall should help this situation.  Bitterly cold temperatures have accompanied the storms, so beekeepers have not been able to check colonies, but will start to do so during the first cleansing flights in February and March. 
 Both wholesale and retail honey sales have remained strong through the first half of winter.  We have heard of $1.75 for white and $1.60 per pound for amber on smaller wholesale lots sold. On larger lots, we are still hearing of $1.50 to $1.55 for white and $1.45 to $1.50 for amber grades of honey.  Local honey continues to sell well at Farmers' markets, health food stores and grocery stores. 
 INTERMOUNTAIN-After enjoying a rather mild fall, cold weather and snow came to much of this area in late December and January, stopping all further bee work.  Most migratory colonies had already been moved to California or southern states.  Colonies left on locations were medicated, fed and winter packed to insulate them from the cold.  Beekeepers will start checking colonies in March and April during the first cleansing flights.  Many beekeepers felt their colonies went into winter in good shape, although a few mentioned heavier than normal varroa mite loads.  Several reporters said that they were making an effort to switch to mite-resistant queens in 2010. 
 Retail sales were strong throughout the fall and holiday season, but some beekeepers are running out of honey now.  Wholesale prices have increased as packers have come to realize how short the U.S. honey crop was in 2009. 
 WEST-The 2010 almond pollination season is off and running in California.  Actually, the season started for many beekeepers in the late summer and fall of 2009 when they began medication and feeding in preparation for the 2010 season.  Although contract prices are down by an average of $10 per strong colony, the incentive was still there for most beekeepers to return to California for this season.  Despite the fact that wholesale honey prices have been increasing, many beekeepers had disastrous honey crops last year and need the infusion of pollination cash for their operations to continue.  Some growers have cut back on their need for colonies due to water shortages and lower almond prices. This has resulted in prices being negotiated even lower as remaining beekeepers without contracts compete for the last uncommitted almond groves.  Some reporters have wondered out loud that it would really be ironic if after the shuffle, many colonies succumbed to mites or starvation over winter and a colony shortage actually developed! 
 As far as honey crops are concerned, beekeepers have been watching the weather to see which locations are getting the best rains or snowfall.  Several storm fronts have moved through the western U.S., but some locations received little or no rain from them.  The best moisture conditions were in Washington, Oregon and northern California.  Early nectar and pollen sources will be starting soon in the southern half of California.  Many beekeepers count on building up their bees on almonds and other early sources before moving them to favorable clover and alfalfa honey production locations out-of-state.
 As in the rest of the country, both the wholesale and retail markets for locally produced honey are stronger, but supply is short.

CANADA
 Canadian honey production in 2009 was 64.8 million pounds, comparable to the 2008 levels of 64.9 million pounds. The national average revealed a small decrease in yield from 116 pounds of honey per colony in 2008 to 115 pounds in 2009. Correspondingly, across the provinces, production and yields remained virtually unchanged from 2008 levels. Over 80% of honey production is generated from the Prairie Provinces, with Alberta continuing to be the leading honey-producing province. Some factors affecting honey production are the weather, the amount of nectar available and presence of disease or mites.
 There were 200 fewer beekeepers across Canada with 6,728 people engaged in commercial beekeeping activity in 2009. The number of managed hives was 576,000, 5,600 more than in 2008.
 The total value of honey is available from the previous season. Total value of honey in 2008 was $105.2 million, an increase of $20.3 million, or 23.9%, over the 2007 value of $84.9 million. (Courtesy Statistics Canada)
ARGENTINA
As of Dec. 30, 2009 total Argentine exports reported by the local Customs Office show that just 52,000 MT of honey were exported for US$145 million, equivalent to US$2,781 per metric ton. Although this number may change slightly by a few unrecorded exports, it is considered that this tonnage will not increase significantly. This volume is also the lowest on record since 1993 (55,000 MT) and it represents only 50% of what was exported during 2005 (105,000 MT). These numbers show the dramatic decline of Argentine beekeeping, once regarded as one of the largest world exporters of honey.
 Exports during 2009 were mainly shipped to Germany (24,370 MT), the USA (11,060 MT), Italy (4,100 MT), France (3,500 MT), the UK (2,340 MT) and several other minor destinations. Surprisingly, during the last quarter of year 2009, shipments to both Germany and the USA were almost the same (3,000 MT for each country) in spite of the unfavorable exchange rate for American buyers between the EURO and the USD. Interestingly, the top five Argentine exporters shipped over 60% of the total volume. This list includes in the first three places the following companies: ACA (11,575 MT), NEXCO (9,352 MT) and HONEYMAX (3,152 MT).
 The outlook for the new honey crop, which started by late November 2009 and is supposed to finish by late February 2010, is not very optimistic at this stage. Although most beekeeping regions in Argentina were blessed with good rains during November and December 2009, these showers were excessive and even created flood conditions in many provinces. Temperatures during December 2009 were the lowest in many years so nectar production was much lower than expected. The big guess will be the impact of the el niño weather pattern on honey plants during January and February 2010 in the Argentine prairies. So far, only a handful of beekeepers located in the provinces of Entre Ríos, Santa Fe and Buenos Aires will enjoy good honey crops for sure.
 The acreage of soybeans is again very high this year. Although not all of the plots have been planted yet, over 18 million hectares are at least expected. The current soybean varieties in Argentina are unfortunately non-nectar producers, so beekeepers who largely depend on sunflower commercial crops are very upset, because the acreage of this plant in 2009 only reached 1.3 million hectares, which is 44% less acreage than 2008 and quite similar to the acreage planted during 1974 (1.2 million hectares)!
 Exporters complain about the big challenge to collect full container loads given the diminishing number of commercial beekeepers. Logistics and transportation charges become a big burden for those exporters who pretend to keep their existing market share.

World Honey Market - January 2010

Excerpt

UNITED STATES
Our reporters indicated that thousands of colonies were being transported to California for the 2010 almond pollination season. Prices may be down this season by an average of $10 or more (see Joe Traynor's comments in the West section). Many beekeepers have locked in contracts. However, some beekeepers without contracts are waiting to see if a shortage might develop that would increase offering prices from growers.
Colonies are going into the winter season with good populations of bees, but stores are a major concern, according to a number of our reporters. They cite poor 2009 honey crops that left colonies in many locations with below average winter stores. Many beekeepers had been feeding until colder weather forced bees into winter clusters. A few regional bee losses have already been reported, but no nationwide trend is evident as when thousands of colonies died in recent years from the so-called "colony collapse disease". Demand for package bees, nucs and queens is expected to heavy again this year as beekeepers recoup their losses and interest in hobby beekeeping continues to grow.
Demand for honey at both the wholesale and retail levels remains strong. Beekeepers also noticed a nice increase in sales during the holiday season. Unfortunately, with record poor honey crops in many parts of the United States, honey is in short supply. Prices also have increased at the wholesale level, but probably not as fast as they might have since huge amounts of honey are being imported. Beekeepers suspect that much of it is Chinese honey, ultrafiltered honey and honey blends being transshipped through third-party countries illegally to avoid the tariff on Chinese honey (see Ron Phipps' article in this issue).

World Honey Market - December 2009

UNITED STATES
Our reporters continue to estimate their honey crops as below average or poor over much of the nation. In fact, some are now saying this may be their poorest honey crop on record-a record which has been broken all too often in recent years due to declining colony numbers, disease, poor weather and declining honey plant acreage. On the bright side, colonies were reported as strong going into the winter season. Disease incidence has been reduced and a late fall flow put some badly needed winter stores into brood chambers. In addition, many beekeepers have been feeding colonies. The poor crop year has been especially hard on the many new beekeepers swelling our ranks because they are desperately trying to bring their colonies through that all-important first winter alive.
 Migratory beekeepers had begun to prepare and move their colonies to the South and California for the winter. Once on location at these holding yards, they will be fed with syrup, pollen supplements and medicated. A majority will eventually be moved to California for almond pollination in February and March of next year, but others will be left in holding yards to build up on early nectar and pollen sources before being split and either sold or moved back north for clover and alfalfa flows.
 Honey prices continue to increase at both the wholesale and retail levels as demand exceeds the supply of new crop honey. Local honey is especially in short supply and regional packers have been scouring the countryside seeking small-lots of honey to purchase. Many of the larger packers will be increasing the amount of foreign honey they need to purchase to fulfill their customer demand. The big question from beekeepers is how much of this honey will be Chinese honey imported through third-party countries at rock-bottom prices. In addition, they wonder how much will be pure honey and not a honey/sugar blend? Along with cane sugar and high fructose corn syrup, tests are also discovering rice sugar being used to blend with pure honey.
 The president of a Chinese honey company pleaded guilty in October to conspiring to illegally import honey into the United States, part of a case that has cast a spotlight on honey laundering, the importation of falsely-labeled honey, according to Mike Hughlett of the Chicago Tribune. Yong Xiang Yan, 60, faces a maximum penalty of five years in prison and a $250,000 fine, according to the Tribune article. Not only did Yan plead guilty to conspiring to smuggle 15 container loads of Chinese honey to avoid U.S. anti-dumping duties of $635,515, but he authorized an additional 21 shipments of Chinese honey through the Philippines and Thailand, avoiding $3.3 million in anti-dumping fees, Hughlett said. Yan will be sentenced April 22, 2010.
 NORTHEAST-Beekeepers had finished winter colony preparations, as well as the last of their fall honey extracting. Despite the poor spring and summer honey flows, most colonies were able to make some honey in late summer and early fall from goldenrod, aster and knotweed. A number of beekeepers were able to secure fair to good late honey crops this year, but the regular season crops from spring and summer honey plants were very dismal. Beekeepers were feeding their colonies and expect to do more feeding early next spring.
 Local supplies of new crop honey are very scarce, especially the lighter grades of honey. Beekeepers will have no trouble marketing this year's crop since the wholesale and retail honey demand remains strong. However, several beekeepers were worried about losing some of their regular customers since they would not be able to supply honey to them this year.
 MIDEAST-Considering the poor honey flows reported by many beekeepers, honey bees were going into winter in generally good condition, although in some instances heavier than normal feeding was required. Excessive rainfall was the main complaint from beekeepers earlier in the season and it substantially lowered honey production. Fortunately, fall flows were actually much better than normal since earlier heavy rains had promoted luxuriant goldenrod and aster bloom. In some instances, small hive beetle numbers were excessive in late summer. Also, some beekeepers reported bear damage in beeyards.
 With total honey production being down again, honey supplies are short. Many retailers will not have enough locally produced honey for their normal customers, much less promoting new sales. Some bottlers have been scrambling to line up additional supplies of new crop honey from area beekeepers who normally sell their honey wholesale.
 SOUTHEAST-The pepper and melaleuca flows were better than normal for a number of beekeepers, especially along the west coast of Florida. Excessive moisture in the honey was a problem at times, however. Despite good production from these late sources, the majority of Florida beekeepers still produced a significantly below normal honey crop due to earlier erratic weather.
 In Mississippi honey crops were also down by as much as 50% due to excessive rain and poor foraging weather. Similarly, Alabama and Georgia honey crops were down due to poor weather during the main flows. A few locations such as southern Alabama produced fair to good honey crops despite the poor weather. Late honey crops from goldenrod and aster were better than normal and have helped augment winter stores. Some feeding may still be needed, however, before spring nectar and pollen flows begin. Colonies are in surprisingly good condition going into winter, despite the rather poor flows. Beekeepers also continue to rebuild their colony numbers from previous years when losses were severe.
 Honey prices are still varying widely from one location to another. However, with the poor honey crops across the country, most reporters said that prices should continue to increase, especially for the lighter grades of honey. The big question mark is how much foreign honey will be brought in, both legally and illegally, to make up the shortfall in U.S. production. Retail honey sales remain strong over most of the Southeast.
 SOUTHWEST-Most extracting and bee work were coming to a close, although temperatures were not yet cold enough to confine bees on most days. Fall flowers such as broomweed, aster and goldenrod were still available in some locations. Most beekeepers had completed their fall medications, but some were still feeding colonies where stores were short. In addition to local colonies, migratory beekeepers have also begun moving colonies into holding yards for the winter season. With poor honey crops once again this year, many commercial beekeepers will continue their seasonal pollination work rather than stay on location. Colonies are generally in good condition going into winter. Some parts of the Southwest had their first bad seasons with small hive beetles this summer as this pest continues to enlarge its range.
 With another poor crop year, beekeepers are not having any difficulty selling their honey at either the wholesale or retail levels. Prices are moving upward on both light and dark grades.
 EAST CENTRAL-Cool, cloudy weather continued through October, hampering fall bee work. Migratory beekeepers were loading and moving colonies to California or the South, while nonmigratory beekeepers finished their extracting and bottling work. Most beeyard work was done except for some late feeding, colony winter wrapping, etc. Despite the overall poor season this year, beekeepers felt that their bees were in reasonably good shape going into winter. Good late fall flows in a number of locations provided badly needed winter stores. Due to late fall flows, some beekeepers were late with their mite treatments or were not able to complete them before colder temperatures began.
 The honey produced this year was generally good quality, although some beekeepers complained of higher than normal moisture in their honey due to the wet year. Also, some beekeepers said that their honey was darker this year because clover and alfalfa honey was mixed with higher levels of wildflower honey. Both wholesale and retail honey sales are good due to the scarcity of honey. Prices are also starting to climb as packers realize that there simply is not much new crop honey to be purchased this year.
 WEST CENTRAL-October was a rainy, cool month, which made bee work difficult for many beekeepers as they wrapped up colony work or prepared colonies for movement to California or southern states. September fall flows from goldenrod, aster and sunflowers were very welcome after many beekeepers reported  poor earlier flows from clover and alfalfa. A few bright spots in the western Dakotas and Nebraska did manage to produce fair to good honey crops, but most of our reporters have indicated about half to 75% of their normal production. For many, this was their second or third poor crop in a row. This season, however, instead of drought, too much rainy, cool weather has been the most often mentioned culprit. Some colonies were being fed or will be fed once they reach their winter locations. Bee strength and stores were rated as fair to good, which is surprising considering the poor honey crops this season. Colony numbers in this area have continued to grow as beekeepers restock deadouts from poor overwintering in 2007 and 2008. In addition, many new hobbyist beekeepers have started within the last couple of years.
 Due to poor crops again in this area, honey prices at both the wholesale and retail levels have begun to increase. All grades of honey are in short supply, but the lighter grades are particularly in demand because less white honey was made this year.
 INTERMOUNTAIN-Honey crops were estimated to be only fair to poor over much of this area due to either cool, wet weather or drought during major honey flows from sweet clover and alfalfa. Some beekeepers reported good late flows in September from second-cutting alfalfa, rabbit brush, goldenrod and aster. Beekeepers had completed extracting and were finishing their winter preparations such as adding entrance reducers and winter wrapping. Migratory beekeepers were working around early snowstorms and cold weather to move colonies to California or southern states for the winter. Honey supplies remain on the short side, so beekeepers are receiving more calls and higher bids from packers. Retail honey prices are also increasing and demand is good, especially for locally produced honey.
 WEST-Autumn signals the beginning of a new season for many migratory beekeepers as they start preparing their colonies for early pollination work in 2010. Colonies are being moved to holding yards where they are being fed syrup, pollen supplements and medicated. In addition, many out-of-state beekeepers are moving their colonies into California in preparation of 2010 almond pollination. Almond pollination prices are expected to be slightly lower again this season due to a slowdown in the almond industry, as well as a continuing scarcity of irrigation water. Colonies were generally in fair to good strength as they went into the off-season. Reports of large colony losses have been minimal.
 Honey crops in Washington and Oregon have been described as fair to good, but spotty. California honey production was better in the northern half of the state, according to reporters. Drought and hot weather were again factors in lowering honey crop prospects for many beekeepers. Due to another short crop honey prices are increasing at both the wholesale and retail levels.

CANADA
 Reports from beekeepers continue to predict a mediocre or poor honey crop due to rainy, cool weather over much of Canada during the main honey flow season. In August and September, the weather did finally clear, but a number of beekeepers said that they only received a partial crop since clover and alfalfa flows were near their end. The weather in British Columbia and Alberta was better during flows and some beekeepers did manage to produce a good crop. Other beekeepers in these western provinces complained of too much hot, dry weather, oftentimes further complicated by smoke from area fires. Beekeepers were feeding and medicating colonies until colder weather began. Colonies are also being wrapped or moved to indoor wintering facilities in preparation for colder weather.
 As in the United States, honey will be in short supply this season. Wholesale prices are increasing and beekeepers anticipate little trouble selling their crops. In fact, many were already receiving calls from near and wide asking if they had surplus honey to sell. Farmer's markets are also booming in Canada and many beekeepers continue to sell a large proportion of their crops this way. There are an estimated 8,000 beekeepers keeping 600,000 colonies in Canada.
 An article in the November 2009 Canadian Honey Council Hivelights magazine says that the Council "has received funding approval for a project to develop a long-term international strategy for marketing honey. The funding will allow us to investigate the potential for establishing ‘Pure Honey 100% Canadian' as a brand on the international market. As well, we will prepare a trade show for the upcoming Orlando meeting and produce a promotional brochure on the health value of honey which will be translated into French and Spanish."

ARGENTINA
 As of the time of writing this report in early November, over one month of the spring season has elapsed in the Southern Hemisphere. Both the weather and its impact on the Argentine beekeeping industry are not uniform at all. The important provinces of Córdoba and Chaco are suffering a severe drought situation with poor prospects until the end of this year. The subtropical province of Tucumán, where most prairie beekeepers migrate to make early splits and to also get an orange crop, is under cold weather and persistent rain that are frustrating the expectations of commercial beekeepers.
 The three eastern provinces of the Mesopotamic region have enjoyed timely rains. However, their recent extreme intensity has become a threat for all kinds of farmers located in the delta region of both Buenos Aires and Entre Ríos provinces. These farmers (including of course beekeepers) are now under an emergency flood situation, which has required help from the Army to evacuate animals from the Islands. Only the central and northern part of Buenos Aires, as well as part of Santa Fe provinces seem to be having adequate spring weather conditions, which is fostering an even higher acreage of soybeans.
 Only a few beekeepers still have some unsold honey drums. Those fortunate to still hold them are being offered US$2.28 per kilogram (US$1.04 per pound). Since the domestic market only absorbs approximately 7,000 metric tons per year, over 90% of total production is shipped to foreign countries. For the second consecutive month, during September the United States was again the leading importer of Argentine honey with 1,282 MT (US$3.66 million) and Germany was second with 1,173 MT (US$3.21 million). However, during the first nine months of 2009 Germany was still the leading importer with 22,523 MT followed by the USA with 9,402 MT. It is important to consider that total Argentine honey exports until late September were 46,183 MT, which means a 15% lower volume than the same period of last year.
 We do not see any sharp difference between imports made by Germany and the USA during 2009 and 2008. During the January-September period 2008, Germany imported 21,761 MT, while the USA imported 8,570 MT. The major difference this year is the substantial revaluation of the EURO against the dollar, which at an exchange rate of 1.50 gives a significant advantage to European buyers.

World Honey Market - November 2009

(Excerpt)

UNITED STATES--Wholesale honey prices have continued to increase as news of short honey crops across the country have been confirmed. Due to the lateness of the crop in some states, more dark honey was produced this year, but the quality is generally very good. Some beekeepers have reported higher moisture content in their new crop honey due to frequent rains during spring and summer. Beekeepers were feeding and medicating their bees well into the fall season. Colony strength is surprisingly good considering the short honey crops in many states.

Beekeepers were included in the USDA Disaster Assistance Program and can apply for benefits under the provisions of the new program. The Emergency Assistance for Livestock, Honey Bees, and Farm-raised Fish Program provides payments to eligible livestock producers. For details on how to apply, contact your local FSA county office or go to the web site: http://www.fsa.usda.gov/.

Despite an increase in wholesale honey prices and demand, the short crops in many states will again necessitate that commercial operations continue their yearly treks to California for almond pollination. Almond growers have reduced both the number of colonies they are renting, as well as their rental prices per colony. This will increase competition among beekeepers to find growers, perhaps resulting in still more price reductions in cases where beekeepers have not yet locked in price contracts for 2010 almond pollination.